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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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National agrifood systems and COVID-19 in Iraq: effects, policy responses and long-term implications

This report is part of a series of country profiles that describe: (i) policy measures enacted by the government of Iraq to contain the spread of the virus; (ii) policies and measures to stabilize the functioning of agri-food systems; (iii) potential effects of policies on agri-food systems and vulnerable groups. Finally, the profiles also assess longer-term options for agri-food system policies and investments to make them more resilient.


Geographical analysis of unemployment and relative to COVID-19 and its impact on youth in Iraq

AUTHOR(S)
Rana Abdel-Hassan Al-Kitab; Safaa M. Almudhafar

Published: May 2022   Journal: International Journal of Health Sciences
There are many solutions to the problem of unemployment in Iraq for an important and main reason which is that Iraq is a rich country and its economy is solid Men who have pledged to God and themselves to serve this country in addition to the programmed economy The developed must have positive results, so mastermind and money must be used available to serve the people of this country that has suffered all kinds of grievance, injustice, injustice and hunger and humiliation, and now the ,new era of freedom has come. Iraq’s economic outlook is mired by significant downside risks that call for the accelerated implementation of structural reforms. These include: a potential decline in the oil price, a worsening COVID-19 crisis due to the spread of new variants, potential deterioration in security conditions, the intensification of climate change shocks, and additional macroeconomic volatility. Averting or mitigating the impact of these risks depends on the policies of the future government and commitment to comprehensive reforms in line with those envisioned in the Government of Iraq’s (GOI) White Paper, the government’s reform program.
The significance of D-dimer investigation in Iraqi children with COVID-19

AUTHOR(S)
Raed Khudhair Farhan; Ahmed Jawad Kadhim Al Abdullah; Mundher Abdzaid Shamhood

Published: May 2022   Journal: International Journal of Health Sciences,
The proportion of children affected with COVID-19 accounted for approximately 1 to 2 % of all infected cases and the disease often follows a mild to moderate disease. Increased coagulation and events that are thrombotic were repeatedly recorded in adult patients with COVID-19. Nevertheless, till now, there is no consensus about thrombotic events in children in published articles.  This studyaimes to make evaluation of d-dimer level in children with COVID-19 and the rate of thrombotic complications. The present research that is of cross sectional type was carried out in Children and Maternity Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq. The study included 168 children with COVDI-19 proved by positive RT-PCR results following nasopharyngeal swabs. The age ranged from one month up to 15 years and the study included 77 girls and 91 boys.
Effectiveness of instructional program on women knowledge about infant protection during breast feeding by infected woman with COVID-19 in Kirkuk city

AUTHOR(S)
Rabab Hamoudy Hanon; Rabea Mohsen Ali

Published: April 2022   Journal: https://garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/documents/detail/2614659

In women affected by other coronavirus infections such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV), the mortality rate appeared higher in women affected in pregnancy compared with non-pregnant women. COVID-19 prompted implementation of public health protocols to control the transmission of the virus, many of them required social distancing, hand washing, and lockdown procedures, but has also resulted in creating public anguish and massive fear, especially among the unaffected persons. Objectives: To assess pregnant women's knowledge about who can protect the baby during Brest feeding when mother infected by corona virus before and after implementation of instruction program and to determine the effectiveness of instruction program on pregnant women knowledge about protection methods of neonate during pandemic.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 2022 | Issue: 4 | No. of pages: 12 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: COVID-19, disease transmission, infectious disease, maternal and child health, mortality rate, pandemic, pregnancy, pregnant women | Countries: Iraq
Gaps in formal education in Iraq
Institution: Norwegian Refugee Council, Save the Children
Published: April 2022
The formal education system in Iraq has been significantly disrupted over the last several years as a result of conflict and displacement. Damaged infrastructure, limited investment in teachers and curriculum, ongoing waves of displacement, and nationwide Covid-19 school closures have had a detrimental impact on access to and quality of education. Learning levels in Iraq are among the lowest in the region and a lack of education is consistently the top protection risk for Iraqi children.A generation of young people now face an increasingly uncertain future in Iraq, particularly among the most vulnerable that include refugee children, displaced children, and children with disabilities.To address these gaps, the Education Consortium of Iraq (ECI) - comprising the Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC), Save the Children (Save), Mercy Corps (MC), and Nonviolent Peaceforce (NP) - conducted a research study to better understand the barriers in the provision of inclusive and equitable formal education. Data collection encompassed a school infrastructure assessment, 39 key informant interviews with local and international NGO and UN staff, community leaders and Ministry of Education (MoE) and Departments of Education (DoE) staff, as well as 41 focus group discussions with teachers, parents and children across Anbar, Diyala, Dohuk, Kirkuk, Ninewa, and Salah ad-Din governorates.
The impact of COVID-19 on gender equality and food security in the Arab region with a focus on the Sudan and Iraq
This rapid gender analysis (RGA) explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender equality and food security in the Arab region. It is a joint collaboration between the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Food Programme (WFP) and CARE International (CARE). This collaboration recognizes the need to expand the evidence base on gender-differentiated impacts of crises for informed recovery and response planning, while highlighting the imperative of collecting sex- and age-disaggregated data (SADD) more consistently.
Pediatric COVID-19 infection in Sulaimaniyah Governorate, Iraq

AUTHOR(S)
Aso Faeq Salih; Khalid Hamasalih; Heshu Sulaiman Rahman (et al.)

Published: September 2021   Journal: American Journal of Otolaryngology

This research aimed to study the demographic and clinical presentations of COVID-19 with their types including MIS-C and Kawasaki among children who were admitted to Doctor Jamal Ahmad Rashid Pediatric Teaching Hospital (DJARPTH) at Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq. A prospective cohort study was conducted from June to December 2020 in which 50 cases suspected of COVID-19 were enrolled in the study that was admitted at the first visit to the emergency department of DJARPTH and their age ranged between 3 months to 14 years. Then, the collected data were divided into 3 groups: COVID-19, Kawasaki disease (KD), and MIS-C.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 43 | Issue: 1 | No. of pages: 5 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19, health services, hospitalization, infectious disease | Countries: Iraq
COVID-19 vaccination uptake: a study of knowledge, attitudes and practices of marginalized communities in Iraq
Institution: CARE
Published: August 2021

As of August 12, Iraq had registered 1.74 million cases of COVID-19 and 19,402 deaths from COVID-19. As of August 6, the country had administered 2.1 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine. Just over 1% of Iraq’s population is fully vaccinated. As vaccination efforts continue, it is critical to increase people’s confidence in vaccines to ensure they are willing to take the vaccines as they become available. Giving people the information they need to feel safe taking vaccines in a format that is useful for them is key to successfully combatting COVID in Iraq. CARE Iraq conducted a study with 3,770 people (2,067 men and 1,703 women) in Ninewa and Duhok in mid-July 2021. The data specifically looks at the needs of marginalized people, and covers refugee, internally displaced people (IDPs), returnee, and host communities in several districts in each governorate.

Building forward better to ensure learning for all children in Iraq : an education reform path
Institution: The World Bank
Published: July 2021
Human capital development is imperative to achieve sustainable economic growth in Iraq. At the heart of Iraq’s human capital crisis is a learning crisis, which is exacerbated by effects of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis on education service delivery. The low levels of human capital development, coupled with limited opportunities to gain job-relevant skills, have translated into worsening economic and social outcomes. To overcome these sources of fragility and spur sustainable human capital driven economic growth, change can only be brought about through a comprehensive reform agenda that addresses the inefficiencies in the education sector and promotes a renewed focus on learning. This Iraq education reform note proposes actionable reforms for key education sector inputs to lead to better learning and skills development.
Cite this research | No. of pages: 21 | Language: English | Topics: Education | Tags: child education, COVID-19 response, educational policy, lockdown, social distance | Countries: Iraq | Publisher: The World Bank
The impact of COVID-19 related lockdown on the prevalence of spousal violence against women in Kurdistan region of Iraq

AUTHOR(S)
Kazhan I. Mahmood; Sherzad A. Shabu; Karwan M. M-Amen (et al.)

Published: February 2021   Journal: Journal of Interpersonal Violence
There is increasing concern about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown’s social and economic consequences on gender-based violence. This study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender-based violence by comparing the prevalence of spousal violence against women before and during the COVID-19 related lockdown periods. This study was conducted in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq using a self-administered online questionnaire survey after the COVID-19 lockdown period in June 2020.
The great disconnect: how remote learning in Iraq is leaving the most vulnerable further behind editorial
Institution: Norwegian Refugee Council
Published: October 2020
Seven months after schools shut down due to Covid-19, re-opening dates in Iraq remain unclear and classes limited to certain grades. Millions of children are expected to start the new academic year exclusively through distance-learning programs, at least for the upcoming semester and with a few exceptions1 . Just as last year, many displacement-affected children and their families may find themselves struggling with self-learning and unable to access online platforms while also having to cope with the practical burden and psychosocial toll of homeschooling within the precarious context of displacement in and out of camps. An assessment conducted by Mercy Hands over the Spring found that 83% of the 6,305 children surveyed in camps for internally displaced Iraqis did not receive any type of schooling in April.
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COVID-19 & Children: Rapid Research Response

UNICEF Innocenti is mobilizing a rapid research response in line with UNICEF’s global response to the COVID-19 crisis. The initiatives we’ve begun will provide the broad range of evidence needed to inform our work to scale up rapid assessment, develop urgent mitigating strategies in programming and advocacy, and preparation of interventions to respond to the medium and longer-term consequences of the COVID-19 crisis. The research projects cover a rapid review of evidence, education analysis, and social and economic policies.