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AUTHOR(S) Monique Theberath; David Bauer; Weizhi Chen (et al.)
Mental health problems among children and adolescents are increasingly observed during the outbreak of COVID-19, leading to significant healthcare concerns. Survey studies provide unique opportunities for research during this pandemic, while there are no existing systematic reviews in this setting. The objective was to summarize existing survey studies addressing the effects of the current COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children and adolescents. For this systematic review, we performed an electronic search in multiple databases from December 2019 to December 2020. The quality appraisal of the included studies was performed with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Checklist. Because of the high methodological heterogeneity between studies, a narrative synthesis of the qualitative data was used.
AUTHOR(S) Marion Bailhache; Maeva Monnier; Flore Moulin (et al.)
Preterm children are at higher risk of developing mental health problems than full-term children. Deterioration of children’s mental health was observed during COVID-19 pandemic restrictive measures. This study compared emotional and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms during school closure between preterm and full-term children. Data from two French birth cohorts—ELFE and EPIPAGE-2—were used. In 2011, infants born ≥22 weeks’ gestation were recruited. Parents completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire when the children were 9 years old and experiencing school closure. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were used.
AUTHOR(S) Gabrielle Duguay; Julia Garon-Bissonnette; Roxanne Lemieux (et al.)
An upsurge in psychological distress was documented in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study investigated with a longitudinal design whether prenatal and postnatal maternal distress during the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with lower infant socioemotional development. Pregnant women (N = 468, Mage = 30,00, 97.6% White) were recruited during the first COVID-19 mandatory lockdown in Quebec, Canada, from April 2nd to April 13th 2020 and were re-contacted at two months postpartum to complete self-reported measures of general (i.e. not specifically related to the COVID-19 pandemic) anxio-depressive symptoms and infant development. Structural equation modeling analyses were performed using maximum likelihood parameter estimation.
AUTHOR(S) Rachel Martin; Sonali Rajan; Faizah Shareef (et al.)
Childhood exposure to neighborhood firearm violence adversely affects mental and physical health across the life course. Study objectives were to (1) quantify racial disparities in these exposures across the U.S. and (2) assess changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, when firearm violence increased. The study used counts of children aged 5–17 years, disaggregated by U.S. Census racial category, for every census tract (N=73,056). Neighborhood firearm violence was the number of fatal shootings per census tract, based on 2015–2021 Gun Violence Archive data. Quasi-Poisson regressions were used to estimate baseline disparities and COVID-19‒related changes and examined differences across geographic regions.
AUTHOR(S) Charles Oberg; H. R. Hodges; Sarah Gander (et al.)
AUTHOR(S) Emily Berger; Gloria Quinones; Melissa Barnes (et al.)
AUTHOR(S) Elizabeth A. Steed; Nancy Leech; Ngoc Phan (et al.)
This study utilized a nationally distributed survey to explore early childhood teachers’ experience of providing remote learning to young children and their families during the early months of the U.S. response to the COVID-19 pandemic. A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used to analyze 805 participants’ responses to closed and open-ended survey questions. Results indicated that teachers provided various remote learning activities and spent more time planning instruction and communicating with families than providing instruction directly to children. Early childhood teachers reported several positive aspects of remote learning and various challenges during the initial months of the pandemic. Study findings are discussed in the context of policy and practical implications for supporting early childhood teachers to deliver high-quality and developmentally appropriate remote learning for all young children and their families.
AUTHOR(S) Bruna Hinnah Borges Martins de Freitas; Maria Aparecida Munhoz Gaíva; Paula Manuela Jorge Diogo (et al.)
This study aims to verify the association between lifestyle and self-reported smartphone addiction in adolescents; and to analyze the adolescents' perception of this relationship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. A mixed-methods research study with a sequential and explanatory design, developed with Brazilian adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years old. In the first phase, a quantitative, observational and cross-sectional study was carried out with 479 participants and, in the second, a qualitative approach of an exploratory and descriptive nature, with 16 participants.
AUTHOR(S) Han Xiao; Qi Liu; Hong Mei (et al.)
AUTHOR(S) Lauren Risser; Rachel P. Berger; Veronica Renov (et al.)
Children experiencing family violence (child abuse and neglect and exposure to intimate partner violence) are at a particularly elevated risk for compounding challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, intimate partner violence (IPV) advocates, child protective services (CPS) caseworkers, and IPV and CPS administrators on the needs of children experiencing family violence during the pandemic were interviewed. Semi-structured interviews with IPV advocates, CPS caseworkers, and IPV and CPS administrators were conducted. Recruitment occurred through emails to national and state listservs, networks of the study team, and word of mouth. Interviews were completed through Zoom, took 45 to 60 minutes and were audio recorded. A mixed deductive-inductive content analysis approach was used.
AUTHOR(S) Arun Karpur; Vijay Vasudevan; Thomas W. Frazier (et al.)
Before the COVID-19 pandemic, households of children on the autism spectrum were more likely to be food insecure than households of children without disabilities. With the unprecedented social, public health, and economic disruption caused by the pandemic, food insecurity has likely increased among families of children on the autism spectrum. This analysis aims to compare the prevalence of food insecurity between survey administered during the Fall of 2020 and a nationally representative sample from the Household Pulse Survey (HPS) data collected during a similar timeframe.
AUTHOR(S) Dongfang Wang; Jingbo Zhao; Shuyi Zhai (et al.)
This study aimed to examine the patterns and predictors of the trajectories of college students' insomnia symptoms across different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 35,516 college students completed three online surveys during the COVID-19 outbreak period (3–10 February 2020), initial remission period (24 March–3 April 2020), and effective control period (1–15 June 2020), respectively. These surveys measured the participants' socio-demographic and pandemic related factors, insomnia symptoms, mental health status, and psychosocial factors. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine predictors for trajectory membership.
AUTHOR(S) Shweta Singh; Manjistha Datta; Pawan Gupta (et al.)
Globally, problematic internet use (PIU) is acknowledged as a significant behavioural problem in adolescents and youth. It is being researched for further clarity as an independent behavioural disorder. It is crucial to explore predictors of PIU to understand the high-risk psychosocial indicators of problematic internet use, particularly amid the COVID-19 pandemic in India. The present study aimed at studying age, gender, mental health, coping strategies and lifestyle indicators as predictors for PIU in adolescents, young adults and middle-aged adults.
AUTHOR(S) Vicenta Martínez-Córcoles; Pilar Nieto-Gilb; Laura Ramos-Petersen (et al.)
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused great changes in daily activities, especially in children. In Spain, to avoid infections, a home quarantine was declared, which caused a drastic reduction in daily or weekly physical activity in children. This study aimed to analyse the balance performance after the COVID-19-induced quarantine on children’s balance, through the use of balance tests, considering the type of sport practiced. An observational and longitudinal study was carried out with a sample size of 150 healthy children (69 boys and 81 girls) with a mean age of 10.02 ± 1.15 years. Postural control was evaluated under different equilibrium conditions before and after the quarantine period. Two data collections using the Gyko system were compared, with a difference of 8 months between them. In addition, the influence of foot type and physical activity was analysed.
AUTHOR(S) Emma Nottingham; Caroline Stockman; Maria Burke
UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.
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