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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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121 - 135 of 1133
Stress, depression and/or anxiety according to the death by COVID-19 of a family member or friend in health sciences students in Latin America during the first wave

AUTHOR(S)
Christian R. Mejia; Aldo Alvarez-Risco; Yaniré M. Mejía (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Sustainability
The COVID-19 pandemic generated high mortality in various countries, which may have had an impact on the mental health of young people. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether the death of a family member or close friend due to COVID-19 generated a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, or moderate/severe stress in university health sciences students in Latin America. This is an analytical cross-sectional study, with secondary data; depression, anxiety, and stress were measured with a validated survey. In addition, data were obtained on the deaths by COVID-19 of family members or close friends, illness and other socio-economic variables. Descriptive and analytical statistics were obtained.
Adolescents in the Covid net: what impact on their mental health?

AUTHOR(S)
Chiara Ionio; Giulia Ciuffo; Federica Villa (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma
Given the impact of traumatic events in adolescence and early adulthood, the current Covid 19 pandemic poses a high risk to the well-being and mental health of this population. This study aims to shed light on the traumatic impact of Covid-19 on adolescents and young adults, taking into account their personal experiences, with a particular focus on their emotional regulation skills. From May 2021 to May 2022, 216 adolescents and young adults were surveyed using a series of self-report questionnaires to assess the potentially traumatic effects of Covid-19 and its impact on adolescents' and young adults' emotional regulation skills.
Implications of time and space factors related with youth substance use prevention: a conceptual review and case study of the Icelandic prevention model being implemented in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Tanya Halsall; Kianna Mahmoud; Srividya N. Iyer (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being
This research examines the implementation of the Icelandic Prevention Model (IPM) in Canada to identify opportunities revealed by the COVID-19 pandemic to re-design our social eco-system to promote wellbeing. This paper has two objectives: 1) to provide a conceptual review of research that applies the bioecological model to youth substance use prevention with a focus on the concepts of time and physical space use and 2) to describe a case study that examines the implementation of the IPM in Canada within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Study data were collected through semi-structured qualitative interviews with key stakeholders involved in implementing the IPM.
Time trends in emotional well-being and self-esteem in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Ryunosuke Goto; Aurelie Piedvache; Mayumi Hangai (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health

Given their unique COVID-19 pandemic experience, it is necessary to evaluate the mental health of youth beyond the initial stages of the pandemic, in relation to the stringency of the social distancing measures. This study aimed to describe long-term trends in emotional well-being and self-esteem among youth in Japan during the pandemic. Using serial cross-sectional data from April 2020 to December 2021, it evaluated the trends in emotional well-being and self-esteem of youth aged 6–17 years using the self-report KINDL questionnaire, weighted to represent the age and gender distributions in the Japanese population. It then tested the associations between emotional well-being and self-esteem and stringency of social distancing policies, measured using the Oxford COVID-19 Stringency Index. Analyses were also stratified by gender and age group.

Gender differences in the prevalence and impact factors of adolescent dissociative symptoms during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Qinglin Cheng; Gang Zhao; Junfang Chen (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Scientific Reports
The purpose of this study was to explore the differences between the prevalence and impact factors of adolescent dissociative symptoms (ADSs) by using sex-stratification during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A school-based, two-center cross-sectional study was conducted in Hangzhou City, China, between January 1, 2021 and April 30, 2022. The sample included 1,916 adolescents aged 13–18 years that were randomly selected using a multiphase, stratified, cluster sampling technique. A two-stage assessment procedure was used to find out the ADSs. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the impact factors of ADSs during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Adolescent mental health problems in early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic were masked by lockdown measures and restrictions

AUTHOR(S)
Franziska Rockstroh; Michael Kaess

Published: November 2022   Journal: BJPsych Open
In the BJPsych Open Wong et al examined the influence of lockdown stringency during early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychiatric emergency presentations among children and adolescents from ten countries. Data from March and April 2019 were compared with the same time frame in 2020, with particular focus on self-harm admissions. In this editorial, the publication is summarised and potential implications for the field and future studies are discussed.
Perception of Coronavirus in children through the interpretation of metaphors

AUTHOR(S)
Tülay Kuzlu Ayyıldız; Betül Akkoç; Aylin Kurt

Published: November 2022   Journal: OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying
The purpose of this study is to determine the perception of coronavirus in children between the ages of 7-18 through the interpretation of metaphors. This qualitative study was conducted with a total of 34 children between the ages of 7-18 years The metaphors obtained from the content analysis were categorized into two main themes and sub-themes. The main themes were categorized as barrier at COVID-19 and fear at coronavirus as fear. The most striking metaphors in the study, such as death, deadly, disease, scary, germ, snake venom, black hole, darkness, gun, lead, were the metaphors in the “Deadly” category, which were revealed by children. In unexpected situations, it is beneficial for parents and health care professionals to establish clear, open, and reassuring communication with their children.
Optimism and friendship quality as mediators between trait emotional intelligence and life satisfaction in Chinese adolescents: a two-wave longitudinal study

AUTHOR(S)
Xiaobo Wang; Xiong Lu; Tao Hu (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Current Psychology
Using a convenience sample of adolescents (N = 1609; 63.5% female; Mage = 16.54), this study explored whether EI predicted adolescent life satisfaction and whether friendship quality and optimism mediated this relationship during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Associations between pet care responsibility, companion animal interactions, and family relationships during COVID-19

AUTHOR(S)
Linda Charmaraman; Elizabeth Kiel; Amanda M. Richer (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Animals
For families with children during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is crucial to explore how both youth and parents view their roles with regard to the shared caretaking of pets. This study presents findings from a U.S. based study of adolescents and parents regarding pet care responsibility. As part of a broader longitudinal study, we analyzed survey data from 567 pet-owning adolescents and a subset of 356 dog owning adolescents aged 10–17. We also conducted 31 in-depth interviews with parents of adolescents from the same study. Adolescents who reported more pet caretaking responsibilities were more likely to spend time with pets to cope with stress and to have improved family relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic. For dog owners only, increased levels of responsibility for the pet was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of identifying as a pet owner.
The impact of experiencing severe physical abuse in childhood on adolescent refugees' emotional distress and integration during the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Flurina Potter; Katalin Dohrmann; Brigitte Rockstroh (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Frontiers in Psychology

Accumulating evidence highlights the importance of pre- and post- migration stressors on refugees’ mental health and integration. In addition to migration-associated stressors, experiences earlier in life such as physical abuse in childhood as well as current life stress as produced by the COVID-19-pandemic may impair mental health and successful integration – yet evidence on these further risks is still limited. The present study explicitly focused on the impact of severe physical abuse in childhood during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluated the impact of these additional stressors on emotional distress and integration of refugees in Germany. The sample included 80 refugees, 88.8% male, mean age 19.7 years. In a semi-structured interview, trained psychologists screened for emotional distress, using the Refugee Health Screener, and integration status, using the Integration Index. The experience of severe physical abuse in childhood was quantified as a yes/no response to the question: “Have you been hit so badly before the age of 15 that you had to go to hospital or needed medical attention?” Multiple hierarchical regression analyses further included gender, age, residence status, months since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and length of stay in Germany to predict emotional distress and integration.

Annual Research Review: The impact of Covid‐19 on psychopathology in children and young people worldwide: systematic review of studies with pre‐ and within‐pandemic data

AUTHOR(S)
Tamsin Newlove-Delgado; Abigail Emma Russell; Frances Mathews (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

The high volume and pace of research has posed challenges to researchers, policymakers and practitioners wanting to understand the overall impact of the pandemic on children and young people's mental health. This study aimed to search for and review the evidence from epidemiological studies to answer the question: how has mental health changed in the general population of children and young people? Four databases (Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE and PsychINFO) were searched in October 2021, with searches updated in February 2022.

The mediation of exam-oriented cultural capital: economic capital and educational inequality of Chinese high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic and school closures

AUTHOR(S)
Shuheng Yu; Liu Hong; Gaoming Ma

Published: November 2022   Journal: Applied Research in Quality of Life
While children and adolescents’ education has been significantly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic and school closures, how they are impacted remains unknown. Based on Bourdieu’s theory, this paper aims to examine whether cultural capital mediates the association between economic capital and academic achievement during the crisis. Using a longitudinal dataset from the Chinese high school and the moderated mediation model, the result showed that economic capital had a total effect on academic achievement, especially on the students’ academic ranks. Meanwhile, economic-related inequality in education seemed to be mediated by cultural capital. Interestingly, the finding further indicated that the indirect effect was mainly attributable to exam-oriented cultural capital, compared with quality-based cultural capital. we discussed the theoretical contributions and policy implications in the end.
Positive identity predicts psychological wellbeing in Chilean youth: a double-mediation model

AUTHOR(S)
Pablo A. Pérez-Díaz; Sergio Nuno-Vasquez; Matheus França Perazzo (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Frontiers in Psychology
Positive youth development (PYD) allows the youth to be comprehended from their potential, strengths and assets, in contrast to the traditional deficit view that focuses on their weaknesses. The PYD model promotes constructive behaviours in youth by highlighting the positive attributes usually found during the transition from childhood to adulthood to achieve healthy and optimal development in later life. Overall, PYD comprises five key competence (5C), the flourishing models and forty developmental assets. In the present study, a structural equation model is tested with the Chilean dataset of the PYD project on the premise that Positive Identity is the core internal developmental asset explaining Psychological wellbeing and that Confidence and Character are mediators of the relationship between Positive Identity and Psychological Wellbeing. The sample comprised 261 participants (nWomen = 189, nMen = 72), MeanAge = 22 years old, who were approached by an online survey uploaded to Qualtrics. The measures of the study included: The Developmental assets Scale, the Short-form of the Five Cs included in the PYD and the Mental Health Continuum Short-Form.
School and learning contexts during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for child and youth mental health

AUTHOR(S)
Kimberley C. Tsujimoto; Katherine Tombeau Cost; Kaitlyn LaForge-MacKenzie (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Current Psychology
Despite significant disruption to school during the COVID-19 pandemic, research on the impact on children is sparse. This study examines in-person and virtual learning contexts and the impact of school format on mental health (MH). Children and adolescents were recruited from community and clinical settings. Parents and children completed prospective online surveys about school experiences (November 2020) and MH symptoms (February/March 2021), including school format and activities. Standardized measures of depression, anxiety, inattention, and hyperactivity were collected. Hierarchical regression analyses tested associations between school format and MH. Children (N = 1011; aged 6–18 years) attending school in-person (n = 549) engaged in high levels of participation in COVID-19 health measures and low levels of social learning activities. Learning online in high school was associated with greater MH symptoms (B = -2.22, CI[-4.32,-.12] to B = -8.18, CI[-15.59,-.77]).
Adolescents with neuropsychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: focus on emotional well-being and parental stress

AUTHOR(S)
Francesca Felicia Operto; Costanza Scaffidi Abbate; Francesco Tommaso Piscitelli (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Healthcare
The aim of our research was to explore emotional/behavioral changes in adolescents with neuropsychiatric conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic, and parental stress levels through a standardized assessment, comparing the data collected before and during the first months of lockdown. Moreover, an additional goal was to detect a possible relationship between emotional/behavioural symptoms of adolescents and the stress levels of their parents. 178 Italian adolescents aged between 12–18 that were referred to the Child Neuropsychiatry Unit of the University Hospital of Salerno with different neuropsychiatric diagnoses were enrolled. Two standardized questionnaires were provided to all parents for the assessment of parental stress (PSI-Parenting Stress Index-Short Form) and the emotional/behavioral problems of their children (Child Behaviour Check List). The data collected from questionnaires administered during the six months preceding the pandemic, as is our usual clinical practice, were compared to those recorded during the pandemic.
121 - 135 of 1133

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COVID-19 & Children: Rapid Research Response

UNICEF Innocenti is mobilizing a rapid research response in line with UNICEF’s global response to the COVID-19 crisis. The initiatives we’ve begun will provide the broad range of evidence needed to inform our work to scale up rapid assessment, develop urgent mitigating strategies in programming and advocacy, and preparation of interventions to respond to the medium and longer-term consequences of the COVID-19 crisis. The research projects cover a rapid review of evidence, education analysis, and social and economic policies.