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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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1 - 15 of 103
First do no harm overlooked: Analysis of COVID-19 clinical guidance for maternal and newborn care from 101 countries shows breastfeeding widely undermined

AUTHOR(S)
Karleen Gribble; Jennifer Cashin; Kathleen Marinelli (et al.)

Published: January 2023   Journal: Frontiers in Nutrition

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) published clinical guidance for the care of newborns of mothers with COVID-19. Weighing the available evidence on SARS-CoV-2 infection against the well-established harms of maternal-infant separation, the WHO recommended maternal-infant proximity and breastfeeding even in the presence of maternal infection. Since then, the WHO’s approach has been validated by further research. However, early in the pandemic there was poor global alignment with the WHO recommendations. This study assessed guidance documents collected in November and December 2020 from 101 countries and two regional agencies on the care of newborns of mothers with COVID-19 for alignment with the WHO recommendations. Recommendations considered were: (1) skin-to-skin contact; (2) early initiation of breastfeeding; (3) rooming-in; (4) direct breastfeeding; (5) provision of expressed breastmilk; (6) provision of donor human milk; (7) wet nursing; (8) provision of breastmilk substitutes; (9) relactation; (10) psychological support for separated mothers; and (11) psychological support for separated infants.

The relationship between Covid-19 pandemic anxiety and expenditures for postpartum mother's breastfeeding at the Air Joman Baru sub-health center, Air Joman District, Asahan Regency Year 2021

AUTHOR(S)
Herlia Suamrdha Nasution; Fithriani

Published: December 2022   Journal: Science Midwifery
Many women of childbearing age (WUS) think that breast milk (ASI) is the best food for babies. The smoothness of breastfeeding is strongly influenced by psychological factors, one of which is anxiety due to the co-19 pandemic. This study aims to find out how the Anxiety of the Covid-19 Pandemic is related to the Expenditure of Breast Milk for Postpartum Mothers at the Air Joman Baru Sub-Health Center, Air Joman District, Asahan Regency in 2021. This research is a descriptive correlation study with a cross sectional approach. This research was carried out from 11 July 2021 to 24 July 2021. The population was 37 people. Sampling used total sampling with a total sample of 37 people, the research instrument used a questionnaire and data analysis with the chi-square test.
Descriptive analysis sociodemography of breastfeeding mother in Suku Anak Dalam during Covid-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Vittria Meilinda; Eka Rinalia

Published: December 2022   Journal: Science Midwifery
Now moment now this the problem of Covid-19 in Indonesia already start sloping however no could denied that mother breastfeed must exists enhancement power stand body especially baby with breastfeeding , breastfeeding becomes very good protection for baby.  Effect Breast milk protection is very strong in fighting disease infections through increased power hold on baby. The purpose of this study to determine the characteristics mother breast-feed in Suku Anak Dalam in on period pandemic . Quantitative research methods , design cross-sectional with a total sampling of 58 respondents mother breast-feed in Suku Anak dalam , data collection is done through observation and questionnaire.
Provision of mother's own milk for preterm infants during the COVID-19 pandemic: differential effect of insurance

AUTHOR(S)
Lauren E. Boudreau; Betty R. Vohr; Richard Tucker (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Frontiers in Pediatrics
Mother-infant dyads faced many challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, the impact was different depending on socio-economic determinants. This study aims to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal provision of mother's own milk (MOM) at neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge among preterm infants. It hypothesized that fewer infants would be discharged home on any MOM during the pandemic period compared to a pre-pandemic period. This is a retrospective analysis of infants born <34 weeks' gestation admitted to the Women and Infant's Hospital NICU. Infants born pre-pandemic (1/1/2019 to 2/29/2020) were compared to infants born during the pandemic (3/1/2020 to 4/30/2021). Maternal and neonatal variables were analyzed by group.
Worries, beliefs and factors influencing perinatal COVID-19 vaccination: a cross-sectional survey of preconception, pregnant and lactating individuals

AUTHOR(S)
Serine Ramlawi; Katherine A. Muldoon; Sandra I. Dunn (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: BMC Public Health

COVID-19 vaccines are recommended for pregnant and lactating individuals, and there is substantial evidence for their safety and effectiveness. As the pandemic continues, information on worries and beliefs surrounding perinatal COVID-19 vaccination remains important to inform efforts aimed at improving vaccine uptake. Our objectives were to assess factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination among perinatal individuals; and to explore motivational factors associated with willingness to be vaccinated among unvaccinated perinatal individuals. This was a cross-sectional web-based survey of preconception, pregnant, and lactating individuals in Canada. The outcomes of interest were vaccination with at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine and willingness to be vaccinated among unvaccinated individuals. Sample characteristics were summarized using frequencies and percentages. The association between eight prespecified risk factors and two outcomes (vaccination status and willingness to be vaccinated) was assessed by logistic regression. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the total sample, and across perinatal sub-groups.

COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant and lactating women in Saudi Arabia

AUTHOR(S)
Amal S. Bagalb; Dlal Almazrou; Amani A. Albraiki (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Cureus

The acceptance of vaccines among pregnant and breastfeeding women is vital to alleviate the risk of contracting and transmitting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, we aimed to assess the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant and breastfeeding/lactating women and the factors associated with the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among pregnant and breastfeeding women living in Saudi Arabia. A 23-item, self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant or lactating women.

The supply is there. So why can't pregnant and breastfeeding women in rural India get the COVID-19 vaccine?

AUTHOR(S)
Nadia G. Diamond-Smith; Preetika Sharma; Mona Duggal (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Plos Global Public Health
Despite COVID-19 vaccines being available to pregnant women in India since summer 2021, little is known about vaccine uptake among this high need population. We conducted mixed methods research with pregnant and recently delivered rural women in northern India, consisting of 300 phone surveys and 15 in-depth interviews, in November 2021. Only about a third of respondents were vaccinated, however, about half of unvaccinated respondents reported that they would get vaccinated now if they could. Fears of harm to the unborn baby or young infant were common (22% of unvaccinated women). However, among unvaccinated women who wanted to get vaccinated, the most common barrier reported was that their health care provider refused to provide them the vaccine. Gender barriers and social norms also played a role, with family members restricting women’s access. Trust in the health system was high, however, women were most often getting information about COVID-19 vaccines from sources that they did not trust, and they knew they were getting potentially poor-quality information. Qualitative data shed light on the barriers women faced from their family and health care providers but described how as more people got the vaccine that norms were changing.
Barriers and enablers of breastfeeding in mother–newborn dyads in institutional settings during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study across seven government hospitals of Delhi, India

AUTHOR(S)
Arti Maria; Ritika Mukherjee; Swati Upadhyay (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Frontiers in Nutrition

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted newborn care and breastfeeding practices across most healthcare facilities. We undertook this study to explore the barriers and enablers for newborn care and breastfeeding practices in hospitals in Delhi, India for recently delivered mother (RDM)–newborn dyads during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020) and inductively design a “pathway of impaction” for informing mitigatory initiatives during the current and future pandemics, at least in the initial months. This study used an exploratory descriptive design (qualitative research method) and collected information from seven leading public health facilities in Delhi, India. We conducted separate interviews with the head and senior faculty from the Departments of Pediatrics/Neonatology (n = 12) and Obstetrics (n = 7), resident doctors (n = 14), nurses (labor room/maternity ward; n = 13), and RDMs (n = 45) across three profiles: (a) COVID-19-negative RDM with healthy newborn (n = 18), (b) COVID-19-positive RDM with healthy newborn (n = 19), and (c) COVID-19 positive RDM with sick newborn needing intensive care (n = 8) along with their care-giving family members (n = 39). We analyzed the data using grounded theory as the method and phenomenology as the philosophy of our research.

An overview of the factors that influence breastfeeding mothers in carrying out the COVID-19 vaccine on working area at Gladak Pakem Public health center Jember Regency

AUTHOR(S)
Siti Sulfatus Saniyah; Dini Kurniawati; Iis Rahmawati

Published: November 2022   Journal: Media Keperawatan Indonesia

Breastfeeding mothers are included in a vulnerable group that is important to get the COVID-19 vaccine, but some factors influence it carrying out the COVID-19 vaccine. This study aimed to identify the factors that influence breastfeeding mothers in administering the COVID-19 vaccine in the working area of the Gladak Pakem Health Center. The design of this study used a cross-sectional study conducted on 106 breastfeeding mothers with a total sampling technique. Data collection uses 4 questionnaires, namely the respondent's characteristics questionnaire, knowledge about COVID-19 and the COVID-19 vaccine, cues for action, and perceptions of obstacles in carrying out the COVID-19 vaccine. Data collection was carried out door-to-door starting on 23-29 March 2022.

Impact of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on neonatal nutrition: focus on low- and middle-income countries

AUTHOR(S)
Mwawi Nyirongo; Neelima Agrawal; Amarilys Rojas (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Current Tropical Medicine Reports

This review serves to account for the published literature regarding the changing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic with a focus on neonatal nutrition in low- and middle-income countries. Initial national and international guidelines regarding breastfeeding were often contradictory. Lack of clear guidelines resulted in separation of mother-neonate dyads and the reliance on non-human sources of milk at institutional levels. Mothers and families were less likely to initiate and/or continue breastfeed during the pandemic due to confusion regarding guidelines, lack of support for lactation, and concern for infection transmission to their neonates. Continued research in neonatal nutrition, however, continues to support the use of breastmilk as the optimal nutritional source for neonates.

Associations between breastfeeding intention, breastfeeding practices and post-natal depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-country cross-sectional study

AUTHOR(S)
Yan‐Shing Chang; Kan M. C. Li; Li‐Yin Chien (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Maternal & Child Nutrition
Associations between breastfeeding intention, duration and post-natal depression (PND) have been shown in pre-COVID-19 studies. However, studies during COVID-19 have not examined the associations between breastfeeding intention, breastfeeding practices, and PND in an international sample of post-natal women, taking into consideration COVID-19 related factors. This is the first study to address this gap as both PND and breastfeeding may be affected by COVID-19, and have important long-term effects on women's and infant's health. A cross-sectional internet-based survey was conducted with 3253 post-natal women from five countries: Brazil, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and the United Kingdom from July to November 2021.
Association of SARS-CoV-2 infection with early breastfeeding

AUTHOR(S)
Henry H. Bernstein; Eric J. Slora; Tara Mathias-Prabhu (et al.)

Published: October 2022   Journal: Academic Pediatrics
The association of maternal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) status before delivery with breastfeeding is unknown. This study compares breastfeeding initiation, exclusivity, and duration between SARS-CoV-2-positive (+) and SARS-CoV-2-negative (-) mothers during the first 2 months of their newborns’ lives. A single center, retrospective cohort study of pediatric contacts during the first 2 months in a diverse mother-infant population (n = 285) compared breastfeeding outcomes by maternal SARS-CoV-2 status during a pandemic surge. Infants of SARS-CoV-2 positive mothers were also tested before discharge. Comparison of maternal demographics (age, race, ethnicity), maternal/infant characteristics (parity, insurance, delivery mode, infant sex, hospital length of stay), and pediatric contacts by maternal SARS-CoV-2 status included Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon tests and Poisson regression for count outcomes. Logistic regression compared breastfeeding outcomes between the 2 groups, adjusting for potential confounders and effect modifiers.
Protective measures feasibility for infants of low income SARS-CoV-2 positive breastfeeding mothers: a prospective multicenter cohort study

AUTHOR(S)
Walusa Assad Gonçalves-Ferri; Kelly Pereira Coca; Fábia Pereira Martins-Celini (et al.)

Published: October 2022   Journal: Journal of Nursing Management

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of protective measures for infants of low-income SARS-CoV-2 positive breastfeeding mothers. Breastfeeding mothers with SARS-CoV-2 positive should avoid exposing the infant through protective measures (PM), but it could be challenging in a low-income population.

Breastfeeding knowledge, attitude, and practices and its association with food insecurity during COVID-19

AUTHOR(S)
Syahrul Bariah Abdul Hamid; Syasya Nurazmiena Haris; Hui Jun Chih

Published: September 2022   Journal: Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal

Child hunger commonly occurs in families with household food insecurity when mothers fail to continue breastfeeding due to stress and inability to produce sufficient breastmilk. This study aimed to investigate the association of breastfeeding KAP with food insecurity during the pandemic of COVID-19. An online self-administered questionnaire related to the study was used to obtain data from 444 Malaysian 

Breastfeeding practices during Covid-19

AUTHOR(S)
Tahreem Nisar; Syed Ammar Bin Zia; Sarah Ishaq (et al.)

Published: September 2022   Journal: Pakistan BioMedical Journal

The covid-19 has disrupted all parts of life especially maternal-child relationship. Many lactating womenwerequarantinedincovid-19whichhasaffectednourishmentoftheirinfant. Breastfeeding has innumerable benets for both mother and infants as it provides them protection. The Maternal-child relationship is drastically affected if an infant is separated from its mother. It greatly affects lactation, which acts as a shield against infectious diseases. It is approved by all the international agencies and government bodies to promote breastfeeding including the neonates of infected mothers. It is suggested to adopt proper hand and respiratory hygiene measures to prevent transmission from mother to infant. Although many studies and literature reviews have conrmed that there are no direct transmission cases related to coronavirus during breastfeeding. However, WHO, UNICEF, and many other organizations suggested to adopt some hygiene-specic guidelines while practicing lactation. These include wearing a mask, washing hands, and disinfecting surfaces. As we are in the middle of this pandemic and new information is being gathered by scientists, it is hoped that they will also support promoting breastfeeding. As its advantages outweigh the risks of COVID-19. The main aim of this review is to promote early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding during COVID-19.

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UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.

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