Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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Journal article

Estimating the immediate impact of the COVID-19 shock on parental attachment to the labor market and the double bind of mothers

AUTHOR(S)
Misty L. Heggeness

Published: October 2020 Journal: Review of Economics of the Household

This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 shock on parents’ labor supply during the initial stages of the pandemic. Using difference-in-difference estimation and monthly panel data from the Current Population Survey (CPS), I compare labor market attachment, non-work activity, hours worked, and earnings and wages of those in areas with early school closures and stay-in-place orders with those in areas with delayed or no pandemic closures. While there was no immediate impact on detachment or unemployment, mothers with jobs in early closure states were 68.8 percent more likely than mothers in late closure states to have a job but not be working as a result of early shutdowns. There was no effect on working fathers or working women without school age children. Mothers who continued working increased their work hours relative to comparable fathers; this effect, however, appears entirely driven by a reduction in fathers’ hours worked. Overall, the pandemic appears to have induced a unique immediate juggling act for working parents of school age children. Mothers took a week of leave from formal work; fathers working full time, for example, reduced their hours worked by 0.53 hours over the week. While experiences were different for mothers and fathers, each are vulnerable to scarring and stunted opportunities for career growth and advancement due to the pandemic.

Cite this research | No. of pages: 1053-1078 | Language: English | Topics: Child Protection, Social Protection, Well-being and Equity | Tags: child care, child well-being, COVID-19, labour market, parent-child relationship, women's employment, working mothers | Countries: United States

Policy brief

Implementing the Global Compact on Refugees for children: examples of child-focused work

Institution: Save the Children
Published: October 2020

The Initiative for Child Rights in the Global Compacts is a multi-stakeholder partnership bringing together over 30 UN, civil society and philanthropic organizations around a shared agenda: to ensure that children’s rights are at the heart of the two global compacts on migration and on refugees in practice and to create a continuum of care, protection and support for all migrant and refugee children.

Cite this research | No. of pages: 47 | Language: English | Topics: Child Poverty, Child Protection, Social Protection, Well-being and Equity | Tags: child care services, child protection measures, child well-being, migrant children, refugee children | Publisher: Save the Children

Journal article

Well-being of parents and children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national survey

AUTHOR(S)
Stephen W. Patrick; Laura E. Henkhaus; Joseph S. Zickafoose (et al.)

Published: October 2020 Journal: Pediatrics

This national survey examines how the pandemic and mitigation efforts affected the physical and emotional well-being of parents and children in the United States. Since March 2020, 27% of parents reported worsening mental health for themselves, and 14% reported worsening behavioral health for their children. The proportion of families with moderate or severe food insecurity increased from 6% before March 2020 to 8% after, employer-sponsored insurance coverage of children decreased from 63% to 60%, and 24% of parents reported a loss of regular child care. Worsening mental health for parents occurred alongside worsening behavioral health for children in nearly 1 in 10 families, among whom 48% reported loss of regular child care, 16% reported change in insurance status, and 11% reported worsening food security. The study concludes that coronavirus disease pandemic has had a substantial tandem impact on parents and children in the United States. As policy makers consider additional measures to mitigate the health and economic effects of the pandemic, they should consider the unique needs of families with children.

Policy brief

New briefs address inequities in education during COVID-19 and how education policy and schools can support marginalized children and youth

Institution: Society for Research in Child Development
Published: September 2020

A new volume of Statement of the Evidence briefs examines the impact of systemic racism and the potential exacerbating effects of COVID-19 on racial-ethnic minority and LGBTQ+ children and youth. The five 2-page briefs, written by child development experts, including members of SRCD caucuses, draw upon developmental science and recent data to focus on the experiences each community faces. They also provide guidance on evidence-informed educational policies and practices to address the needs of each community. Educational policymakers and leaders can draw upon each community’s strengths and implement these recommendations to address the unique needs of these children.

Cite this research | Language: English | Topics: Social Protection, Well-being and Equity | Tags: adolescent well-being, child well-being, COVID-19 response, gender based violence, gender equality, lockdown, racial discrimination, social inequality | Publisher: Society for Research in Child Development

Journal article

Changes in lifestyle behaviors during the COVID‐19 confinement in Spanish children: a longitudinal analysis from the MUGI project

AUTHOR(S)
María Medrano; Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez; Maddi Oses (et al.)

Published: September 2020 Journal: Pediatric Obesity

Home confinement during the COVID‐19 pandemic could have affected lifestyle behaviours of children, however evidence about it is emerging and yet scarce. This paper aims to examine the effects of the COVID‐19 confinement on lifestyle behaviours in Spanish children, and to assess the influence of social vulnerabilities on changes in lifestyle behaviours.

Journal article

Development and early implementation of a public communication campaign to help adults to support children and adolescents to cope with coronavirus-related emotions: a community case study

AUTHOR(S)
Daniela Raccanello; Giada Vicentini; Emmanuela Rocca (et al.)

Published: September 2020 Journal: Frontiers in Psychology

The aim of this paper is to describe the planning, development, and implementation of a mechanism for providing psychological tips for dealing with the emotions young people might feel in response to the coronavirus pandemic. A pamphlet was designed to provide direction for adults who needed to give emotional support to children and adolescents during the PHEIC and the pandemic triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 and the related COVID-19 in 2020.

Cite this research | Open access | Language: English | Topics: Mental Health | Tags: adolescent well-being, child care services, child well-being, COVID-19 response, lockdown, psychological distress, social distance

Journal article

Design and validation of a scale for measuring well-being of children in lockdown (WCL)

AUTHOR(S)
Naiara Berasategi; Nahia Idoiaga; Maria Dosil (et al.)

Published: September 2020 Journal: Frontiers in Psychology

The objective of this study was to create and validate an instrument to measure the well-being of children in lockdown. As a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and in the interest of maintaining social distancing, millions of people have been confined to their homes, including children, who have been withdrawn from school and barely able to leave their homes. Thus, it would be useful to evaluate, from a holistic perspective, the well-being of children under these challenging circumstances. The participants were 1,046 children, 48.7% of which were boys and 50.7% girls, recruited in the Basque Country (Northern Spain).

Journal article

Health-related behaviors among school-aged children and adolescents during the Spanish Covid-19 confinement

AUTHOR(S)
Rubén López-Bueno; Guillermo F. López-Sánchez; José A. Casajús (et al.)

Published: September 2020 Journal: Frontiers in Pediatrics

In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) world pandemic, affected countries such as Spain enacted measures comprising compulsory confinement as well as restrictions regarding free movement. Such measures likely influence children's and adolescents' lifestyles. Our study aimed to investigate the impact that the Covid-19 confinement has on health-related behaviors among Spanish children and adolescents. An online survey was administered to 516 parents to collect data about 860 children and adolescents (49.2% girls) aged between 3 and 16 years in relation to physical activity, screen exposure, sleep time, and fruit and vegetable consumption during the Covid-19 confinement.

Journal article

The interplay between mothers' and children behavioral and psychological factors during COVID-19: an Italian study

AUTHOR(S)
Elisa Di Giorgio; Daniela Di Riso; Giovanna Mioni

Published: September 2020 Journal: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

The present study investigated how the restrictive measures impacted mothers and their pre-school children's behavioral habits (i.e., sleep timing and quality, subjective time experience) and psychological well-being (i.e., emotion regulation, self-regulation capacity).

Commentaries and Think Pieces

What will the long-lasting effect of the COVID-19 pandemic be on children's health and wellbeing?

AUTHOR(S)
Tobias Alfvén

Published: September 2020 Journal: Acta Paediatrica

This editorial is about the long lasting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's health and well-being.

Journal article

COVID-19 and the well-being of children and families

AUTHOR(S)
Ryan J. Coller ; Sarah Webber

Published: September 2020 Journal: Pediatrics

As the coronavirus disease pandemic spread across the United States and protective measures to mitigate its impact were enacted, parents and children experienced widespread disruptions in daily life. This study investigates how the pandemic and mitigation efforts affected the physical and emotional well-being of parents and children in the United States.

Research Report

The long-term distributional and welfare effects of Covid-19 school closures

AUTHOR(S)
Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln; Dirk Krueger; Alexander Ludwig (et al.)

Published: September 2020

Using a structural life-cycle model, this study quantifies the long-term impact of school closures during the Corona crisis on children affected at different ages and coming from households with different parental characteristics. In the model, public investment through schooling is combined with parental time and resource investments in the production of child human capital at different stages in the children's development process.

Evidence Synthesis and other Reviews

Creatively cope stress of children during lockdown: a review

AUTHOR(S)
Mansi Dwivedi; Vaibhav Srivastava

Published: September 2020 Journal: The International Journal of Indian Psychȯlogy

This paper aims to identify the signs of stress in children during lockdown in India and to help children coping with their psychological stress during lockdown in India.

Journal article

Physical distancing, children and urban health

AUTHOR(S)
Apostolos Kyriazis; Gregor Mews; Elisabeth Belpaire (et al.)

Published: September 2020 Journal: Cities & Health

This study offers a series of questions and critical reflections accompanied by a wide geographical, cultural and disciplinary array of examples from around the world regarding the spatial, social and physical effects of the current crisis on children and how this could provide valuable feedback on updating future urban planning policies.

Journal article

Early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sedentary behavior in children living in the US

AUTHOR(S)
Genevieve F. Dunton; Bridgette Do; Shirlene D. Wang

Published: September 2020 Journal: BMC Public Health

COVID-19 restrictions such as the closure of schools and parks, and the cancellation of youth sports and activity classes around the United States may prevent children from achieving recommended levels of physical activity (PA). This study examined the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on PA and sedentary behavior (SB) in U.S. children.

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UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.

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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

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