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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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181 - 195 of 348
Clinical characteristics and risk factors for death among hospitalised children and adolescents with COVID-19 in Brazil: an analysis of a nationwide database

AUTHOR(S)
Eduardo A. Oliveira; Enrico A. Colosimo; Ana Cristina Simões e Silva (et al.)

Published: June 2021   Journal: The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
COVID-19 is usually less severe and has lower case fatality in children than in adults. This study aimed to characterise the clinical features of children and adolescents hospitalised with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and to evaluate the risk factors for COVID-19-related death in this population. It did an analysis of all patients younger than 20 years who had quantitative RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 and were registered in the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System (SIVEP-Gripe, a nationwide surveillance database of patients admitted to hospital with severe acute respiratory disease in Brazil), between Feb 16, 2020, and Jan 9, 2021. The primary outcome was time to recovery (discharge) or in-hospital death, evaluated by competing risks analysis using the cumulative incidence function.
Cite this research | Open access | No. of pages: 10 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19, disease transmission, hospitalization | Countries: Brazil
Children’s pictures of COVID-19 and measures to mitigate its spread: An international qualitative study

AUTHOR(S)
Lucy Bray; Lucy Blake; Jo Protheroe (et al.)

Published: June 2021   Journal: Health Education Journal

This study aims to gain insight into children’s health-related knowledge and understanding of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) and COVID-19, and measures adopted to mitigate transmission. A child-centred qualitative creative element embedded in an online mixed-methods survey of children aged 7–12 years. Children participated in the study in six countries – the UK, Australia, Sweden, Brazil, Spain and Canada.

Characteristics of children with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in Indonesia

AUTHOR(S)
Amin Soebandrio; Tina Kusumaningrum; Frilasita A. Yudhaputri (et al.)

Published: June 2021   Journal: Journal of Clinical Virology Plus

COVID‐19 in children poses a significant challenge due to the atypical/asymptomatic presentations. The study is aimed to help understand clinical characteristics in Indonesian children for better management and control of transmission. Clinical characteristics of children with confirmed COVID‐19 were retrospectively analysed from the database dating from March to November 2020.

Cite this research | Open access | No. of pages: 14 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19, disease control, disease transmission | Countries: Indonesia
Causes of anxiety among teachers giving face-to-face lessons after the reopening of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

AUTHOR(S)
Nobuyuki Wakui; Shinichiro Abe; Shunsuke Shirozu (et al.)

Published: June 2021   Journal: BMC Public Health
Coronavirus infections are spreading rapidly worldwide, and primary and middle schools are closed in many countries. After the state of emergency was lifted in Japan, schools have reopened, and teachers are conducting face-to-face classes while maintaining safety precautions. This study aimed to assess the factors contributing to infection-related anxiety and educational anxiety among teachers conducting face-to-face classes during the COVID-19 pandemic after schools reopened.
Risk factors for illness severity among pregnant women with confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 infection—surveillance for emerging threats to mothers and babies network, 22 state, local, and territorial health departments, 29 M

AUTHOR(S)
Romeo R. Galang; Suzanne M. Newton; Kate R. Woodworth (et al.)

Published: May 2021   Journal: Clinical Infectious Diseases
Pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are at increased risk for severe illness compared with nonpregnant women. Data to assess risk factors for illness severity among pregnant women with COVID-19 are limited. This study aimed to determine risk factors associated with COVID-19 illness severity among pregnant women with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.
Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 73 | Issue: Supplement 1 | No. of pages: 17-23 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: COVID-19, disease transmission, infectious disease, pregnancy, pregnant women | Countries: United States
COVID-19 among minority children in Detroit, Michigan during the early national surge of the pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Jocelyn Y. Ang; Nirupama Kannikeswaran; Katherine Parker

Published: May 2021   Journal: Global Pediatric Health
The COVID-19 pandemic has shed light on communities of racial/ethnic minority groups in the US where long-standing health issues and structural inequities are now known to have resulted in increased risk for infection, severe illness, and death from the virus. The objective of our study was to describe demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, medical interventions and outcomes of pediatric patients with COVID-19 treated at Children’s Hospital of Michigan (CHM), a tertiary care center in urban Detroit, an early hotspot during the initial surge of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Good knowledge but poor practice toward COVID-19 among Indonesian youth

AUTHOR(S)
Ahmad Fuady; Levina Chandra Khoe; Tiara Berliana Azzahra (et al.)

Published: May 2021   Journal: Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health
COVID-19 cases have been increasing among young people as they are often considered to have low compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures. Given that challenge, there have been limited studies exploring this issue. Through a nationwide online survey, this study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward COVID-19 among Indonesian youth and potential interventions to improve their behavior.
The impact of personal protective equipment and social distancing on communication and relation between nurses, caregivers and children: a descriptive qualitative study in a maternal and child health hospital

AUTHOR(S)
Giada Ferrari; Raffaella Dobrina; Sara Buchini (et al.)

Published: May 2021   Journal: Journal of Clinical Nursing

The main objective was to explore the impact of personal protective equipment and social distancing on nurses, caregivers and children's communication and relationship in a maternal and child health hospital. The spread of COVID-19 pandemic made it necessary to apply infection prevention and control measures, including interpersonal distancing and the use of personal protective equipment. These measures may impact communication and relationship between nurses, patients and caregivers especially in a complex environment, such as a paediatric setting.

COVID-19 in children and the effect of schools reopening on potential transmission to household members

AUTHOR(S)
Shirley Shapiro Ben David; Daniella Cohen; Diana Tasher (et al.)

Published: May 2021   Journal: Acta Paediatrica
The effect of reopening schools on children's contribution to SARS-CoV-2 transmission, especially within households, remains controversial. This study describes the clinical presentation of a large ambulatory COVID-19 pediatric cohort and evaluates the role of children in household transmission prior to and following school reopening.
Understanding COVID-19: are children the key?

AUTHOR(S)
Suz Warner; Alex Richter; Zania Stamataki (et al.)

Published: May 2021   Journal: BMJ Paediatrics Open
The devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global health and economic stability is immeasurable. The situation is dynamic and fast-evolving, with the world facing new variants of concern which may have immune escape potential. With threatened treatment and preventative strategies at stake, and the prospect of reinfection prolonging the pandemic, it is more crucial than ever to understand the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which intriguingly disproportionately affects adults and the elderly. Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 remain largely asymptomatic or undergo a transient mild illness. Understanding why children have a milder phenotype and a significant survival advantage may help identify modifiable risk factors in adults.
Knowledge and practice to prevent COVID-19 and its associated factors among pregnant women in Debre Tabor Town Northwest Ethiopia, a community-based cross-sectional study

AUTHOR(S)
Alemu Degu Ayele; Gedefaye Nibret Mihretie; Habtamu Gebrehana Belay (et al.)

Published: May 2021   Journal: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Coronavirus disease is now a global concern with the non-availability of antiviral treatment and attacks all groups of the population. Hence, applying preventive measures is the most critical intervention to control the infection. Pregnant women are particularly susceptible to respiratory pathogens because of their immunosuppressive state and physiological adaptive change during pregnancy. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess knowledge and practice to prevent coronavirus disease and its associated factors among pregnant women in Debre Tabor Town.
Prevalence and contributory factors of anxiety and depression among pregnant women in the post-pandemic era of COVID-19 in Shenzhen, China

AUTHOR(S)
Fei Wu; Wei Lin; Peiyi Liu (et al.)

Published: May 2021   Journal: Journal of Affective Disorders

Pregnant women are emotionally vulnerable and have suffered great psychological impacts. Following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, a study was undertaken of the prevalence of, and factors contributing to, symptoms of anxiety and depression among pregnant women in Shenzhen, China. A cross-sectional study on pregnant women was conducted from September to December 2020 in Shenzhen, using a random-recruit method. The General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) surveys were used to evaluate symptoms of anxiety and depression. A multivariate logistic regression model was developed to explore factors potentially associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression during pregnancy.

Neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 in a developing country setup

AUTHOR(S)
Manas Kumar Nayak; Santosh Kumar Panda; Subhra Snigdha Panda (et al.)

Published: May 2021   Journal: Pediatrics and Neonatology

Current evidence on vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and neonatal outcome among exposed newborns is emerging and posing a challenge for preventive interventions. Perinatal transmission to the neonates especially during breastfeeding and rooming in is also relatively unknown. This prospective observational study was conducted in Kalinga Institute of Medical Science (KIMS), Odisha state from 1st May to 20th October 2020. A total of 165 neonates born to SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers were enrolled. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) testing was done in first 32 neonates in initial 24 hours of life.

Impact of COVID-19 on pediatric Immunocompromised patients

AUTHOR(S)
James A. Connelly; Hey Chong; Adam J. Esbenshade (et al.)

Published: May 2021   Journal: Pediatric Clinics of North America
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused critical coronavirus disease (COVID-19) most often in the elderly and individuals with co-morbid medical conditions. Although growing evidence supports the importance of an intact innate immune response at the onset of viral infection, mortality caused by dysregulated immune responses, particularly in adults, has shown a spotlight on the delicate balance of a robust, but coordinated and controlled immune activity against infection.  This complex network of infection, immune response, and inflammation with SARS-CoV-2 has created concerns, questions, and challenges for immunocompromised children beyond fear of death from contracting SARS-CoV-2. This review examines how adaptations by health care systems to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission and treat the surge of COVID-19 patients impacted immunocompromised pediatric patients.

Assessing School-based Policy actions for COVID-19: an agent-based analysis of incremental infection risk

AUTHOR(S)
Reyhaneh Zafarnejad; Paul M. Griffin

Published: May 2021   Journal: Computers in Biology and Medicine
Many schools and universities have seen a significant increase in the spread of COVID-19. As such, a number of non-pharmaceutical interventions have been proposed including distancing requirements, surveillance testing, and updating ventilation systems. Unfortunately, there is limited guidance for which policy or set of policies are most effective for a specific school system. This study develops a novel approach to model the spread of SARS-CoV-2 quanta in a closed classroom environment that extends traditional transmission models that assume uniform mixing through air recirculation by including the local spread of quanta from a contagious source. In addition, the behavior of students with respect to guideline compliance was modeled through an agent-based simulation.
181 - 195 of 348

UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.

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Each quarterly thematic digest features the latest evidence drawn from the Children and COVID-19 Research Library on a particular topic of interest.
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COVID-19 & Children: Rapid Research Response

UNICEF Innocenti is mobilizing a rapid research response in line with UNICEF’s global response to the COVID-19 crisis. The initiatives we’ve begun will provide the broad range of evidence needed to inform our work to scale up rapid assessment, develop urgent mitigating strategies in programming and advocacy, and preparation of interventions to respond to the medium and longer-term consequences of the COVID-19 crisis. The research projects cover a rapid review of evidence, education analysis, and social and economic policies.