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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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Journal article

Newborns of COVID-19 mothers: short-term outcomes of colocating and breastfeeding from the pandemic’s epicenter

AUTHOR(S)
Uday P. Patil; Sheela Maru; Parvathy Krishnan (et al.)

Published: June 2021

The United States of America has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic during the spring of 2020. The largely immigrant and densely populated neighborhoods of Queens, NY, served by a large public hospital, Elmhurst Hospital Center (NYC H+H/Elmhurst), have emerged as one of the hardest-hit areas in the country. Newborns are at high risk of acquiring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from their infected mothers who delivered during this period; however, data remains limited. This article aims to describe the unique experience from our Baby Friendly hospital at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Journal article

Adherence to masking requirement during the COVID-19 pandemic by early elementary school children

AUTHOR(S)
Geoffrey E. Mickells; Janet Figueroa; Kelly Withers West (et al.)

Published: May 2021 Journal: Journal of School Health

Top public health experts and organizations strongly recommend universal masking for children older than 2 years old during the COVID-19 pandemic, but speculate it may be difficult for young children. This study sought to assess the usage of cloth face masks in grades pre-K-2 and identify associated characteristics and adverse events. It is the first data to assess mask wearing by young children in school. This online, prospective, observational, survey in multiple schools within a single school district in a major metropolitan area measured adherence to face covering mandates by students in grades pre-K-2 as measured by percentage of day with appropriate face mask wearing per report via daily teacher surveys for the first 4 weeks of school.

Journal article

Screen time for preschool children: learning from home during the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Indri Hapsari Susilowati; Susiana Nugraha; Sudibyo Alimoeso (et al.)

Published: May 2021 Journal: Global Pediatric Health

Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Indonesian Government enacted a study at home policy for all students. This policy also applied to preschool children aged 2 to 6 years old. The purpose of the research was to examine the duration and impact of digital media use by preschool children in urban areas in Indonesia during weekdays and weekends. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire called the Surveillance of digital-Media hAbits in earLy chiLdhood Questionnaire (SMALLQ®). A total of 951 parents or guardians (17-70 years old) who had preschool children volunteered to complete the questionnaire online.

Research Report

Maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of birth in England: national cohort study

AUTHOR(S)
Ipek Gurol-Urganci; Jennifer E. Jardine; Fran Carroll (et al.)

Published: May 2021 Journal: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

The aim of this study was to determine the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of birth and maternal and perinatal outcomes. This is a population-based cohort study in England. The inclusion criteria were women with a recorded singleton birth between 29th May 2020 and 31st January 2021 in a national database of hospital admissions. Maternal and perinatal outcomes were compared between pregnant women with a laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection recorded in the birth episode and those without.

Discussion paper

Exploration and ethical analysis of open-label pediatric vaccine trials in a pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Ian D. Wolfe; Angira Patel; Larry K. Kociolek (et al.)

Published: May 2021 Journal: Clinical Therapeutics

Young children will ultimately need to be vaccinated to stop the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Initial studies of vaccine were performed in adults. Randomized controlled trials are the gold standard. In the COVID-19 pandemic, many questions need to be answered about the ethics and feasibility of these trials. Given the harms of the COVID-19 pandemic and the now-known efficacy of the vaccines in adults and teens, the question of whether clinical equipoise exists for a placebo-controlled trial of vaccines in younger children remains. Parents may be reluctant to enroll children in these trials because they want their child to receive the vaccine or because they are worried about vaccines or clinical trials in general. One option for gathering data on tolerability and efficacy in children would be to use a nonrandomized trial to enroll parents willing to vaccinate their children and those who are hesitant. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of such an open-label trial that could provide guidance for future pandemics.

Journal article

Infant delivery and maternal stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparison of the well-baby versus neonatal intensive care environments

AUTHOR(S)
Alona Bin-Nun; Shoshana Palmor-Haspal; Francis B. Mimouni (et al.)

Published: May 2021 Journal: Journal of Perinatology

This paper aims to describe impact of COVID-19 pandemic on stress and mood of new mothers, in particular in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU); a secondary objective was to assess whether customary social gender distancing practiced by ultra-religious Jews and Muslims offers built-in anti-stress protection.

Journal article

Media use among kindergarteners from low-income households during the COVID-19 shutdown

AUTHOR(S)
Rebecca A. Dore; Kelly Purtell; Laura M. Justice

Published: April 2021 Journal: Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics

This study examines the media use of children from low-income homes during school closings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Caregivers of 151 kindergarteners from low-income homes completed questionnaires as part of a larger study. Caregivers reported how much time children spent watching television/videos and using apps on the most recent weekday and weekend days. Caregivers also reported how their child's current use of media for several different purposes compared with how much the child usually uses media for that purpose.

Cite this research | Open access | Language: English | Topics: Mental Health | Tags: child mental health, COVID-19 response, early childhood, lockdown, low-income countries, new media, school attendance, social media

Journal article

COVID-19 preparedness: a survey among neonatal care providers in low- and middle-income countries

AUTHOR(S)
Claus Klingenberg; Sahil K. Tembulkar; Anna Lavizzari (et al.)

Published: April 2021 Journal: Journal of Perinatology

This study aims to evaluate COVID-19 pandemic preparedness, available resources, and guidelines for neonatal care delivery among neonatal health care providers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) across all continents. This study design cross-sectional, web-based survey was administered between May and June, 2020.

Evidence Synthesis and other Reviews

Supporting parents as essential care partners in neonatal units during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Nicole R. van Veenendaal; Aniko Deierl; Fabiana Bacchini (et al.)

Published: March 2021 Journal: Acta Paediatrica

This study aims to review the evidence on safety of maintaining family integrated care practices and the effects of restricting parental participation in neonatal care during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL databases were searched from inception to the 14th of October 2020. Records were included if they reported scientific, empirical research (qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods) on the effects of restricting or promoting family integrated care practices for parents of hospitalized neonates during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. Two authors independently screened abstracts, appraised study quality and extracted study and outcome data.

Journal article

Management of comprehensive care of multiple-birth infants from fetal to infancy period: challenges, training, strategies

AUTHOR(S)
Tahereh Changiz; Mahboobeh Namnabati

Published: March 2021 Journal: BMC Pediatrics

Prematurity escalates the crisis of the infants a susceptible group of the society. Multiple delivery further intensifies the susceptibility of both family and health system. A comprehensive care is, thus, necessary to ensure the optimal growth and development of such multiple-births. Accompanied by trainings, challenges, and strategies, the present study was conducted based on a two-year report of comprehensive care management experience on two sets of multiple infants.

Journal article

The impact of coronavirus outbreak on breastfeeding guidelines among Brazilian hospitals and maternity services: a cross-sectional study

AUTHOR(S)
Walusa Assad Gonçalves-Ferri; Fábia Martins Pereira-Cellini; Kelly Coca (et al.)

Published: March 2021 Journal: International Breastfeeding Journal

The World Health Organization recognizes exclusive breastfeeding a safe source of nutrition available for children in most humanitarian emergencies, as in the current pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the Brazilian national guideline protecting breastfeeding practices, there are many concerns about protecting infants from their infected mothers. This study aimed to analyze how the Brazilian hospitals and maternity services promote and support mothers suspected or diagnosed with coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Journal article

Sleep and the general behavior of infants and parents during the closure of schools as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic: comparison with 2019 data

AUTHOR(S)
Yasuaki Shinomiya; Arika Yoshizaki; Emi Murata (et al.)

Published: March 2021 Journal: Children

This study compared cross-sectional data from online surveys describing the sleep behavior of infants and caregivers in March 2020 (the school closure period during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic; n = 295, 23.8 ± 3.8 months old) and March 2019 (before the pandemic; n = 2017, 24.2 ± 3.8 months old).

Journal article

COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant women and mothers of young children: results of a survey in 16 countries

AUTHOR(S)
Malia Skjefte; Michelle Ngirbabul; Oluwasefunmi Akeju (et al.)

Published: March 2021 Journal: European Journal of Epidemiology

With the development of multiple effective vaccines, reducing the global morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 will depend on the distribution and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. Estimates of global vaccine acceptance among pregnant women and mothers of young children are yet unknown. An understanding of the challenges and correlates to vaccine acceptance will aid the acceleration of vaccine administration within these populations. Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination among pregnant women and mothers of children younger than 18-years-old, as well as potential predictors, were assessed through an online survey, administered by Pregistry between October 28 and November 18, 2020.

Journal article

Fever without source as the first manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants less than 90 days old

AUTHOR(S)
Daniel Blázquez-Gamero; Cristina Epalza; José Antonio Alonso Cadenas (et al.)

Published: February 2021 Journal: European Journal of Pediatrics

Fever without source (FWS) in infants is a frequent cause of consultation at the emergency department, and the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 could affect the approach to those infants. The aim of this study is to define the clinical characteristics and rates of bacterial coinfections of infants < 90 days with FWS as the first manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This is a cross-sectional study of infants under 90 days of age with FWS and positive SARS-CoV2 PCR in nasopharyngeal swab/aspirate, attended at the emergency departments of 49 Spanish hospitals (EPICO-AEP cohort) from March 1 to June 26, 2020.

Evidence Synthesis and other Reviews

Update on SARS-CoV-2 infection in children

AUTHOR(S)
Marlos Melo Martins; Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa; Antônio José Ledo Alves da Cunha (et al.)

Published: February 2021 Journal: Paediatrics and International Child Health

Despite the worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19), knowledge of the different clinical presentations, ways of transmission, severity and prognosis in children and adolescents is limited. An increasing number of reports describe some of these characteristics in this age range. A non-systematic review was undertaken using MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS (VHL), Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane and CAPES Portal databases from 1 January until 30 September 2020 with the search terms SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, child, children, youth, adolescent and newborn to identify the more recent clinical aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children.

Cite this research | Open access | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: adolescent health, child health, COVID-19, disease transmission, early childhood, infectious disease, respiratory diseases

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UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.

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