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AUTHOR(S) Sydney Campbell; Franco A. Carnevale
AUTHOR(S) Ariani Pongoh; Via Dwi Lingga; Fitra Duh (et al.)
COVID-19 was a new SARS variance identified in 2019 and declared the cause of the global pandemic in March 2020. Nowadays, the case has experienced a fluctuating case phase, along with the mutation of the SARS Cov-19 variant that has not stopped yet. Confirmation cases and deaths occur in various ages, including in children. Although the data on COVID-19 case in children is low, efforts to prevent the transmission of Covid-19 in children is needed. This study aims to identify the effect of health education efforts to prevent Covid-19 transmission through 3M (wearing a mask, washing hands and physical distancing) habituation which was carried out using comic media with a cultural context. This study uses pre-experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The study was conducted to see the effect of providing education using culture-based comic media (independent variable) on elementary school students' attitudes in 3M practice (dependent variable). The population in this study were all students aged 10-12 years at MI Al-Kautsar Sorong, a total of 45 children. In this study, the sampling technique used is total sampling. The data were analysed with the Wilcoxon test.
AUTHOR(S) Rupali J. Limaye; Alicia Paul; Rachel Gur-Arie (et al.)
AUTHOR(S) Eleonor Zavala; Berhaun Fesshaye; Clarice Lee (et al.)
AUTHOR(S) Erin Bogan; Valerie N. Adams-Bass; Lori A. Francis (et al.)
AUTHOR(S) Franziska Rees; Mattis Geiger; Lau Lilleholt (et al.)
AUTHOR(S) Wenxin Ge; Jia Hu; Yue Xiao (et al.)
The COVID-19 pandemic‒related BMI gain and obesity prevalence changes in children have not been clearly elucidated, especially in China. This study aims to assess the impact of pandemic-related BMI and obesity prevalence change in Chinese children aged 8–12 years. On the basis of the Health Promotion Program for Children and Adolescents in Suzhou of China, a total of 72,175 children aged 8–12 years with complete data during 2017–2020 were included. Yearly BMI z-score changes and age- and sex-adjusted BMI changes before (2017–2019) and during (2019–2020) the pandemic were calculated. Multivariate mixed linear models were used to examine the possible difference in annual BMI change rate before and during the pandemic among subgroups.
AUTHOR(S) Sergio A. Silverio; Kaat De Backer; Tisha Dasgupta (et al.)
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has brought racial and ethnic inequity into sharp focus, as Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic people were reported to have greater clinical vulnerability. During the pandemic, priority was given to ongoing, reconfigured maternity and children’s healthcare. This study aimed to understand the intersection between race and ethnicity, and healthcare provision amongst maternity and children’s healthcare professionals, during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods A qualitative study consisting of semi-structured interviews (N = 53) was undertaken with maternity (n = 29; August-November 2020) and children’s (n = 24; June-July 2021) healthcare professionals from an NHS Trust in ethnically-diverse South London, UK. Data pertinent to ethnicity and race were subject to Grounded Theory Analysis, whereby data was subjected to iterative coding and interpretive analysis. Using this methodology, data are compared between transcripts to generate lower and higher order codes, before super-categories are formed, which are finally worked into themes. The inter-relationship between these themes is interpreted as a final theory.
AUTHOR(S) Jean B. Nachega; Nadia A. Sam-Agudu; Rhoderick N. Machekano (et al.)
What are the clinical outcomes and associated factors among children and adolescents hospitalized with COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa? In this cohort study of 469 children and adolescents hospitalized with COVID-19 in 6 sub-Saharan African countries, morbidity and mortality were substantially higher than reported among those in non-African settings and were independently associated with age younger than 1 year and select noncommunicable disease comorbidities.
AUTHOR(S) Melissa Blackburn; Tabitha Methot-Jones; Danielle S. Molnar (et al.)
AUTHOR(S) Amy Tausch; Renato Oliveira e Souza; Carmen Martinez Viciana (et al.)
AUTHOR(S) Lynn C. Smitherman; William Christopher Golden; Jennifer R. Walton
Health disparities are defined as differences among specific populations in the ability to achieve full health potential (as measured by differences in incidence, prevalence, mortality, burden of disease, and other adverse health conditions). Among children, multiple factors contribute to these disparities, including economic stability, and access to health care. According to the Annie E. Casey Foundation, before the current pandemic, 12 million children in the United States were living in poverty in 2019, including one-third of African American and Native American children and 25% of Latinx children.8 During the same period, of the 4.4 million children without health insurance, 14% were Native American, 9% were of Hispanic descent, and 18% were immigrants. At present, owing to the impact of the pandemic on job security, more than 50% of African American, Latinx, and multiethnic adults are now without medical insurance, directly affecting the health security of their children.8 With the onset of the pandemic and the social and political upheaval felt by many disenfranchised communities, these well-documented disparities (and the importance of addressing them) have again been brought to the attention of the medical community. This overview will examine the effects of these health disparities in various populations of children in this country. We will first examine the historical context of health disparities, how they developed, and why they still exist. We will then examine how specifically the COVID-19 pandemic impacted these disparities among children and adolescents, both directly and indirectly. Finally, we hope to provide some recommendations to reduce these disparities.
AUTHOR(S) Juliana Onwumere; Cathy Creswell; Gill Livingston (et al.)
Informal (unpaid) carers are an integral part of all societies and the health and social care systems in the UK depend on them. Despite the valuable contributions and key worker status of informal carers, their lived experiences, wellbeing, and needs have been neglected during the COVID-19 pandemic. This Health Policy brings together a broad range of clinicians, researchers, and people with lived experience as informal carers to share their thoughts on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK carers, many of whom have felt abandoned as services closed. It focuses on the carers of children and young people and adults and older adults with mental health diagnoses, and carers of people with intellectual disability or neurodevelopmental conditions across different care settings over the lifespan. It provides policy recommendations with the aim of improving outcomes for all carers.
AUTHOR(S) K. E. Hoagwood; J. Spandorfer; R. Peth-Pierce (et al.)
AUTHOR(S) Benjamin Lee; John P. Hanley; Sarah Nowak (et al.)
Mathematical modeling studies have suggested that pre-emptive school closures alone have little overall impact on SARS-CoV-2 transmission, but reopening schools in the background of community contact reduction presents a unique scenario that has not been fully assessed. This study adapted a previously published model using contact information from Shanghai to model school reopening under various conditions. It investigated different strategies by combining the contact patterns observed between different age groups during both baseline and “lockdown” periods. It also tested the robustness of this strategy to the assumption of lower susceptibility to infection in children under age 15 years.
UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.
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