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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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Factors associated with parental COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and intentions among a national sample of United States adults ages 18–45

AUTHOR(S)
Lakeshia Cousin; Stephanie Roberts; Naomi C. Brownstein (et al.)

Published: January 2023   Journal: About Journal of Pediatric Nursing
This study explored factors associated with parents' attitudes and intentions to seek information about the COVID-19 vaccine for their children (ages 0–18) and intentions to vaccinate their age-eligible children. As part of an anonymous online cross-sectional survey, parents' vaccine attitudes, COVID-19 vaccine intentions for their children, health literacy, health numeracy, and sociodemographic variables were assessed. Multivariable ordered logistic regression models identified factors associated with parents' COVID-19 vaccine intentions for their children.
Gender roles, parenthood, and the ethics of care in pandemic media narratives pre- and post-Covid-19

AUTHOR(S)
Raffaella Baccolini; Chiara Xausa

Published: January 2023   Journal: European Journal of English Studies
Crises have always brought along transformations in gender identities, roles, and relations: while much has changed in Western culture regarding the role of women and notions of masculinity are also challenged, efforts to control female roles, bodies, and sexualities persist. For example, Susan Faludi’s The Terror Dream has described the post-9/11 age as an era of reconstituted “traditional” manhood, redomesticated femininity and nuclear family “togetherness.” The question that lies at the basis of this paper is whether – and if so, how –science fiction cinema continues to respond to moments of crisis and vulnerability through the old myth of protective manhood and feminine weakness. By identifying two cases of insecurity – climate change and the coronavirus pandemic – this study analyses a recent film (Bird Box, 2018) and two TV series on pandemic outbreaks from the US (Sweet Tooth, 2021) and Italy (Anna, 2021). All three works break new ground – though not devoid of limits – about family structures and parental care: while Bird Box proposes a reversal of gender roles, Anna elaborates on the notion of motherhood by presenting unconventional models of mothering; in Sweet Tooth, the ethics of care is extended to the relationship between humans, animals, and the endangered environment.
School immunization coverage in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study

AUTHOR(S)
Hannah Sell; Yuba Raj Paudel; Donald Voaklander (et al.)

Published: January 2023   Journal: Vaccine

Few studies have assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on immunization coverage for adolescents, and little is known about how coverage has changed throughout the pandemic. This study aimed to: (1) assess the change in coverage for school-based vaccines in Alberta, Canada resulting from the pandemic; (2) determine whether coverage differed by geographic health zone and school type; and (3) ascertain whether coverage has returned to pre-pandemic levels. Using a retrospective cohort design, this study used administrative health data to compare coverage for human papillomavirus (HPV) and meningococcal conjugate A, C, Y, W-135 (MenC-ACYW) vaccines between pre-pandemic (2017–2018 school year) and pandemic (2019–2020 and 2020–2021 school years) cohorts (N = 289,420). Coverage was also compared by health zone and authority type. The 2019–2020 cohort was followed over one year to assess catch-up.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 41 | Issue: 7 | No. of pages: 1333-1341 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: adolescent health, COVID-19, immunization, immunization programmes, infectious disease, pandemic, vaccination, vaccination policies | Countries: Canada
Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and factors associated with infection among adolescent men who have sex with men and transgender women in Salvador, Brazil

AUTHOR(S)
Carina C. Santos; Fernanda W. de M. Lima; Laio Magno (et al.)

Published: January 2023   Journal: BMC Public Health

Brazil was strongly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of the pandemic on sexual and gender minorities’ youth remains unknown. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and associated factors among adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM) and transgender women (ATGW) participants of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis cohort study (PrEP1519). This is a cross-sectional design conducted between June and October 2020 in Salvador, Brazil. Serum samples were collected from AMSM and ATGW aged 16-21 years between June-October 2020. IgG and IgM anti-SARS-CoV-2 were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay, and data were collected through a socio-behavioral questionnaire.

Knowledge toward COVID-19 in children among undergraduate students at the beginning of COVID-19 era

AUTHOR(S)
Sawsan Abuhammad; Hossam Alhawatmeh; Ahlam Al-Natour (et al.)

Published: January 2023   Journal: Nursing Open

This study aimed to describe the level of knowledge of undergraduate students in Jordan toward COVID-19 in children in respect of the clinical signs of the disease, modes of transmission, protection measures against the disease and satisfaction with governmental measures. A cross-section was utilized in this study. An online survey questionnaire was utilized in this research study. All undergraduate students in Jordan were able to take part. The size of the sample was 799. Knowledge toward COVID-19 among children was used to assess the participants' knowledge about COVID-19.

Changes in COVID-19 vaccine acceptability among parents with children aged 6–35 months in China: repeated cross-sectional surveys in 2020 and 2021

AUTHOR(S)
Kechun Zhang; Xue Liang; Karen Lau Wa Tam (et al.)

Published: January 2023   Journal: Vaccines
China is considering to offer COVID-19 vaccination for children aged 6–35 months. This study investigated the changes in COVID-19 vaccine acceptability and associated factors among parents with children aged 6–35 months in 2020 and 2021. Two rounds of cross-sectional online surveys were conducted among adult factory workers in Shenzhen, China. A subset of 208 (first round) and 229 (second round) parents with at least one child aged 6–35 months was included in the study.
How to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake among children? determinants associated with vaccine compliance

AUTHOR(S)
Moshe Hoshen; Vered Shkalim Zemer; Shai Ashkenazi (et al.)

Published: January 2023   Journal: Frontiers in Pediatrics

This study has three aims: to elucidate determinants associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in children and the association with parental vaccination; to compare rates of PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 results between vaccinated and unvaccinated children; to estimate the rate of parental COVID-19 vaccination and its association with the vaccination rate of their children. It performed a retrospective chart review of all children aged 5–11 years registered at a central district in Israel from November 21st, 2021 to April 30th, 2022, and characterized COVID-19 vaccinated vs. unvaccinated individuals. Data retrieved from the electronic medical files included: demographics [age, gender, sector, socioeconomic status (SES)]; COVID-19 vaccination (first and second doses) and influenza vaccination status; co-morbidities; and parental vaccinations for COVID-19. It divided the population into three distinct demographic groups: non-ultra-orthodox Jews (43,889 children), ultra-orthodox Jews (13,858 children), and Arabs (4,029 children).

Cough, sneeze, pass it on – pupils' understanding of infectious diseases in the aftermath of COVID-19

AUTHOR(S)
Anna-Clara Rönner; Anna Jakobsson; Niklas Gericke

Published: January 2023   Journal: Journal of Biological Education
The COVID-19 pandemic had an immense impact on communities around the world. We know that new epidemic-prone diseases will emerge in the future. Consequently, it is important to investigate what impact the current pandemic had on school children’s understanding of infectious diseases in order to develop biology education based on that novel understanding. The aim of this study was to explore Swedish middle school (10-12-year-old) pupils’ understanding of infectious diseases and their perceived sources of knowledge. Data was collected through individual semi-structured interviews with fifteen pupils and analysed by thematic coding.
Safety, effectiveness and hesitancy of COVID-19 vaccination in children: a cross-sectional study in Pakistan

AUTHOR(S)
Zaufishan Zaufishan; Muhammad Usman; Khandah Fishan Mumtaz (et al.)

Published: January 2023   Journal: Frontiers in Public Health

The elevated risk of serious complications like myocarditis and pericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination, especially in adolescent has been reported in some instances that need to be tested in regional populations and different ethnicity groups. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the side effects, hesitancy, and effectiveness outcomes following COVID-19 vaccination among children in Pakistan. The study was planned using a cross-sectional design and data from Children and Adolescents (CA) was collected through a convenient sampling method using a validated questionnaire between February to July 2022. A total of 1,108 CA between the age of 12–18 years who received one or two doses of vaccine were selected and data were collected through direct interviews with respondents.

Factors associated with intention to vaccinate children 0-11 years of age against COVID-19

AUTHOR(S)
Melissa S. Stockwell; Christina A. Porucznik; Ashton Dixon (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

Millions of children have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and over 1000 children have died in the US. However, vaccination rates for children 5 to 11 years old are low. Starting in August 2020, we conducted a prospective SARS-CoV-2 household surveillance study in Spanish and English-speaking households in New York City and Utah. From October 21 to 25, 2021, we asked caregivers about their likelihood of getting COVID-19 vaccine for their child, and reasons that they might or might not vaccinate that child. We compared intent to vaccinate by site, demographic characteristics, SARS-CoV-2 infection detected by study surveillance, and parents’ COVID-19 vaccination status using Chi-square tests and a multivariable logistic regression model, accounting for within-household clustering.

COVID-19 vaccination in children: a public health priority

AUTHOR(S)
Eduardo Jorge da Fonseca Lima; Robério Dias Leite

Published: December 2022   Journal: Jornal de Pediatria

Covid-19 had a direct impact on children's health. The aim of this review was to analyze epidemiological and clinical data, the consequences of the pandemic, and vaccination aspects in this group. The searches were carried out from January 2020 to November 2022, in the MEDLINE databases (PubMed) and publications of the Brazilian Ministry of Health and the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics.

Willingness of Brazilian caregivers in having their children and adolescents vaccinated against Covid-19

AUTHOR(S)
Marcio Fernandes Nehab; Karla Gonçalves Camacho; Adriana Teixeira Reis (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Vaccine

The vaccination of children and adolescents for the prevention of Covid-19 is important to:decrease in deaths and hospitalizations, prevent multisystem inflammatory syndrome, avoid long-term complications and decrease the suspension of on-site classes. Despite of these benefits, some studies have shown that some caregivers are still hesitancy. This is a voluntary and anonymous online survey conducted from November 17 to December 14, 2021, in Brazil, through a free-of-charge platform with a link provided on social networks. A bivariate analysis was conducted with the independent variables, with vaccine hesitancy as the outcome variable, and a multivariate logistic model was used to calculated adjusted odds ratios.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 42 | Issue: 3 | No. of pages: 735-743 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19, immunization, immunization programmes, infectious disease, pandemic, vaccination, vaccination policies | Countries: Brazil
Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the proportion of physically active children and adults worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AUTHOR(S)
Karima Chaabna; Sonia Chaabane; Anupama Jithesh (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Frontiers in Public Health

Safety measures implemented to address the COVID-19 pandemic have had a profound impact on the mobility of people worldwide. This study synthesized the global evidence on physical activity (PA) participation before and during the pandemic. It conducted a systematic review, searching PubMed, Embase, WHO Global literature on coronavirus disease (between January 2020 and April 2022), and reference lists. Meta-analysis and meta-regression were conducted to quantitatively synthesize the data.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 10 | No. of pages: 14 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: COVID-19 response, lockdown, pandemic, physical activity, social distance
Associations between routine adolescent vaccination status and parental intent to get a COVID-19 vaccine for their adolescent

AUTHOR(S)
Cassandra Pingali; Fan Zhang; Tammy A. Santibanez (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: JAMA Pediatrics

Although COVID-19–associated illness is generally mild in adolescents, they can experience severe health outcomes, including hospitalization and death.1 COVID-19 vaccinations are effective for preventing serious COVID-19–associated illness in adolescents.1 The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends persons aged 6 months or older receive COVID-19 vaccination.2 As of April 14, 2022, among US individuals aged 12 to 17 years, COVID-19 vaccination coverage (≥1 dose) was 68%,3 lower than for other vaccines routinely recommended for adolescents.4 The ACIP recommends adolescents aged 11 to 12 years receive tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap), meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY), and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccinations.2 This cross-sectional study investigated associations between routine adolescent vaccination status and parental intent or hesitancy to get a COVID-19 vaccine for their adolescent. The National Immunization Survey–Child COVID Module (NIS-CCM) is a national telephone survey of households with children or adolescents aged 6 months to 17 years used to measure parent-reported COVID-19 vaccination coverage and intent to vaccinate their child.5 The NIS-CCM uses the NIS-Child sampling frame; for adolescents aged 13 to 17 years, it follows the NIS-Teen interview, allowing for analysis of both routine (HPV, MenACWY, and Tdap) and COVID-19 vaccination coverage.5 NIS-CCM interviews from July 22, 2021, through February 26, 2022, were analyzed. Survey respondents were those self-reporting being most knowledgeable about the child’s vaccinations (hereafter, parent). Vaccination status was based on parental report. Data were weighted to represent the noninstitutionalized population of US adolescents and calibrated to administered vaccinations data.3 Analyses were performed using SAS, version 9.4

Knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines among secondary school pupils in Zambia: implications for future educational and sensitisation programmes

AUTHOR(S)
Steward Mudenda; Moses Mukosha; Brian Godman (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Vaccines
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in the closure of schools to slow the spread of the virus across populations, and the administration of vaccines to protect people from severe disease, including school children and adolescents. In Zambia, there is currently little information on the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines among school-going children and adolescents despite their inclusion in the vaccination programme. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines among secondary school pupils in Lusaka, Zambia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2022 to October 2022.
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COVID-19 & Children: Rapid Research Response

UNICEF Innocenti is mobilizing a rapid research response in line with UNICEF’s global response to the COVID-19 crisis. The initiatives we’ve begun will provide the broad range of evidence needed to inform our work to scale up rapid assessment, develop urgent mitigating strategies in programming and advocacy, and preparation of interventions to respond to the medium and longer-term consequences of the COVID-19 crisis. The research projects cover a rapid review of evidence, education analysis, and social and economic policies.