Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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Journal article

Psychological distress and resilience in a multicentre sample of adolescents and young adults with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Clare Jacobson; Nicola Miller; Rebecca Mulholland (et al.)

Published: December 2021 Journal: Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry

Understanding impact of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) on Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA) with cancer is important to inform care. Online survey of 16–24 year olds receiving cancer treatment at eight cancer centres in the UK. This study measured: self-perceived increased anxiety since COVID-19, impact of COVID-19 on treatment, life and relationships, PHQ-8, GAD and the two-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). 112 AYA participated. 59.8% had previous mental health difficulties. 78.6% reported COVID-19 having a significant impact on life. 79% reported experiencing increased anxiety since COVID-19.43.4% had moderate-severe PHQ-8 scores and 37.1% GADS-7 scores. Impact on life was associated with moderate-severe PHQ-8 scores (OR 5.23, 95% CI 1.65–16.56, p < 0.01), impact on relationships with moderate-severe GADS-7 and PHQ-8 score (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.11–7.54, p = 0,03; OR 3.54, 95% CI 2.32–15.17, p < 0.01; OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.11–5.25, p =0.03).

Journal article

Parenting during the COVID-19 lockdown in Portugal: changes in daily routines, co-parenting relationships, emotional experiences, and support networks

AUTHOR(S)
Ana P. Antunes; Silvana Martins; Laura Magalhães (et al.)

Published: December 2021 Journal: Children

The COVID-19 pandemic challenged parental resources pertinent to coping with lockdowns. The main objective of this work was to study parenting during the COVID-19 lockdown. Specifically at focus were parental behaviors concerning key domains for the family (daily routine, co-parenting, emotional experience, and support network) and changes related to the pandemic and associated with the parents’ employment statuses. An online survey was carried out through an ad hoc questionnaire where participants completed questions about their sociodemographic data and rated how much their family routines, their co-parenting relationship, their emotional experiences, and the support available in the family network varied on a 5-point scale. The participants included 1384 parents, of which 286 responded to open questions regarding impactful experiences during the lockdown.

Cite this research | Vol.: 8 | Issue: 12 | No. of pages: 17 | Language: English | Topics: Education, Social Protection, Well-being and Equity | Tags: child well-being, COVID-19 response, family, family environment, lockdown, mental stress, parent-child relationship, parents, psychological distress, resiliency, social distance | Countries: Portugal

Journal article

Hardships & resilience: families in a pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Erica Kanewischer; Claire Mueller; Mia Pylkkanen

Published: November 2021 Journal: The Family Journal

The COVID-19 pandemic created unique hardships for families with school-aged children. To better understand these hardships, this question was asked: How did family units of various racial and socioeconomic backgrounds experience the pandemic? Qualitative phenomenology was the methodological basis for this study, and the Double ABC-X Model of Family Behavior was applied to analyze how the pandemic and racial tensions that occurred in the past 18 months affected families. This study specifically focused on including the voices of minoritized populations as they are less often represented in phenomenological research. Semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted with families from Minnesota and Illinois. NViVo was used to code and analyze the interviews. Five themes were identified which demonstrated family strength and experience of hardship: resilience, boundaries, community support, fear, and communication.

Cite this research | Open access | Language: English | Topics: Health, Mental Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19 response, family environment, lockdown, mental health services, mental stress, pandemic, psychological distress, resiliency, social distance, social inequality | Countries: United States

Journal article

Resilience of adolescents, though weakened during pandemic-related lockdown, serves as a protection against depression and sleep problems

AUTHOR(S)
Huangqi Jiang; Wenle Yu; Danhua Lin (et al.)

Published: October 2021 Journal: Psychology, Health & Medicine

Adolescents facing adversities are susceptible to depression and sleep problems. Resilience is an important protective mechanism for coping with adversity. During the COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents faced hardships including being pulled from their schools and being unable to socialize with friends during mandated lockdowns. There were three aims in this study. First, it sought to test whether Chinese adolescents’ resilience was strengthened, maintained, or weakened during the COVID-19 lockdown. Second, it sought to test whether adolescents’ resilience predicted depressive symptoms and in turn, sleep problems. Third, it sought to examine the role social support may play. In a partially-longitudinal survey study, it demonstrated via a within-subject t-test and its Bayesian equivalent that Chinese adolescents’ resilience weakened during the lockdown compared with before the pandemic.

Cite this research | Open access | Language: English | Topics: Mental Health | Tags: adolescent psychology, adolescent well-being, child mental health, COVID-19 response, lockdown, mental health services, mental stress, psychological distress, resiliency, social distance | Countries: China

Research Report

Reopening with Resilience: Lessons from remote learning during COVID19

Institution: UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti
Published: July 2021 UNICEF Innocenti Publication

The COVID-19 pandemic led to school closures around the world, affecting almost 1.6 billion students. The effects of even short disruptions in a child’s schooling on their learning and well-being have been shown to be acute and long lasting. The capacities of education systems to respond to the crisis by delivering remote learning and support to children and families have been diverse yet uneven.

This report reviews the emerging evidence on remote learning throughout the global school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic to help guide decision-makers to build more effective, sustainable, and resilient education systems for current and future crises.

Cite this research | No. of pages: 20 | Language: English | Topics: Education | Tags: climate change, COVID-19, COVID-19 response, disasters, educational crisis, learning, online learning, primary education, primary schools, remote learning, resiliency, schools, students | Publisher: UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti

Journal article

Continued participation of Israeli adolescents in online sports programs during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with higher resilience

AUTHOR(S)
Keren Constantini; Irit Markus; Naomi Epel (et al.)

Published: April 2021 Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research Public Health

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has forced adolescents to adapt rapidly to a new reality of physical and social distancing, while introducing a range of new sources of stress and adversity. This research primary aim was to study the relationship between adolescents’ resilience and their participation in online sports programs during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period. Its secondary aims were to assess the associations between the organized sports programs’ determinants and resilience.

Working paper

The challenges made me stronger: what contributes to young people's resilience in Ethiopia?

AUTHOR(S)
Gina Crivello; Agazi Tiumelissan; Karin Heissler

Institution: Young Lives
Published: April 2021

This working paper explores the meanings and experiences of resilience, and its gender dimensions, among a cohort of Ethiopian children exposed to poverty and adversity across the early life course. It asks why some girls and some boys seem to fare well as they transition to adulthood, despite the challenges and obstacles they had faced, while others do less well. The data comprise repeat life history interviews (from ages 12 to 24) and survey questionnaires over a 20-year period (to age 25). Qualitative analysis (n=64) revealed how children’s lives did not follow linear paths, and were easily derailed by unplanned events and shocks, including: (a) climatic shocks; (b) societal influences; (c) school transitions and relations; (d) household changes; and (e) child health and social development. Gender mediated children’s experiences of risk and their individual and family coping mechanisms.

Policy brief

Building our imagined futures: supporting resilience among young women and men in Ethiopia

Institution: Young Lives, UK Aid, *UNICEF
Published: April 2021

This policy brief draws on a qualitative study that uses a gender perspective to investigate the notion of resilience among a cohort of young women and young men who grew up in poverty in five rural and urban communities in Ethiopia, and who are part of the broader Young Lives longitudinal study of 3000 children and young people in the country. It asks why some children seem to fare well as they transistion to adulthood, despite the challenges and obstacles they had faced, whilst others do less well.

Commentaries and Think Pieces

Faces of risk and resilience: fathers and their families

AUTHOR(S)
Rob Palkovitz; Jay Fagan

Published: March 2021 Journal: Adversity and Resilience Science

The global Covid-19 pandemic and heightened focus on systemic racism in the USA provide differential lenses for considering contexts of risk and resilience as they apply to individual fathers and their families. Intersections of race, class, culture, personal characteristics, and access to resources uniquely shape fathers’ resilience as they navigate risks to themselves and their families. The interdependence of families with other community members, family work, role enactments, gender, and policy highlights the centrality of fathers’ executive function in conjunction with available resources to shape the quality of individual father–child relationships and the overall wellbeing of fathers and their families. This commentary focuses on the current pandemic and racism as risk factors for families, the ways in which fathers are uniquely affected by these risks, the ways in which fathers exhibit resilience in the face of these adversities, and implications for future research about the ways in which fathers’ gendered behaviors and attitudes may ultimately change as a consequence of the pandemic and systemic racism.

Journal article

Mindfulness training on the resilience of adolescents under the COVID-19 epidemic: a latent growth curve analysis

Published: January 2021 Journal: Personality and Individual Differences

As a preventive measure during the COVID-19 epidemic, we have had to stay at home for a long time. The lifestyle of adolescents has undergone severe changes. Almost every school started online education for the first time. Some adolescents have shown low resilience when faced with these changes. Most previous research has focused on mindfulness training and resilience by using cross-sectional or two-point tracking designs. However, little is known about the developmental trajectories of the impact of mindfulness training on resilience, particularly during this epidemic. Therefore, this study aims to explore how the developmental trajectories of resilience are impacted by mindfulness training.

Journal article

Academics' and students' experiences in a Chilean dental school during the COVID‐19 pandemic: a qualitative study

AUTHOR(S)
Diego Prieto Prieto; Jorge Tricio; Felipe Cáceres (et al.)

Published: December 2020 Journal: European Journal of Dental Education

The quick spread of COVID‐19 has caused part of the world's population to adopt quarantine protocols that have limited professional activities, including dental training programmes. This study aimed to explore the experiences of students and personnel at a Chilean dental school during the COVID‐19 pandemic.

Journal article

Risk and resilience of well-being in caregivers of young children in response to the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Bridget Davidson; Ellyn Schmidt; Carolina Mallar (et al.)

Published: November 2020 Journal: Translational Behavioral Medicine

The COVID-19 pandemic is impacting communities worldwide, with direct effects of illness and mortality, and indirect effects on economies, workplaces, schools/daycares, and social life. However, the effect of this pandemic on families of young children is still poorly understood. This study used a risk and resilience model to evaluate the effects of the pandemic on mental health in diverse caregivers (N = 286) with children ages birth to 5.

Cite this research | No. of pages: 9 | Language: English | Topics: Mental Health | Tags: child care services, COVID-19 response, mental health, resiliency

Journal article

Stress, resilience, and well-being in Italian children and their parents during the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Maria Cusinato; Sara Iannattone; Andrea Spoto (et al.)

Published: October 2020 Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak has forced parents and children to adopt significant changes in their daily routine, which has been a big challenge for families, with important implications for family stress. This study aims to analyze the potential risk and protective factors for parents’ and children’s well-being during a potentially traumatic event such as the COVID-19 quarantine. Specifically, it investigates parents’ and children’s well-being, parental stress, and children’s resilience. The study involved 463 Italian parents of children aged 5–17.

Cite this research | Open access | No. of pages: 17 | Language: English | Topics: Social Protection, Well-being and Equity, Mental Health | Tags: child abuse and neglect, COVID-19 response, family health, lockdown, parent-child relationship, parents, psychological distress, resiliency, social distance, social inequality | Countries: Italy

Journal article

Vulnerability and resilience to pandemic-related stress among U.S. women pregnant at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Heidi Preis; Brittain Mahaffey; Cassandra Heiselman (et al.)

Published: September 2020 Journal: Social Science & Medicine

Women pregnant during the COVID-19 pandemic are experiencing moderate to high levels of emotional distress, which has previously been shown to be attributable to two types of pandemic-related pregnancy stress: stress associated with feeling unprepared for birth due to the pandemic (Preparedness Stress) and stress related to fears of perinatal COVID-19 infection (Perinatal Infection Stress). Objective. Given the well-documented harms associated with elevated prenatal stress and the critical importance of developing appropriately targeted interventions, we investigated factors predictive of pandemic-related pregnancy stress.

Journal article

Brazilian child protection professionals' resilient behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Sidnei Rinaldo Priolo Filho; Deborah Goldfarb; Murilo R. Zibetti

Published: September 2020 Journal: Child Abuse & Neglect

Within the unique and understudied context of a developing economy facing the strain of an international pandemic, this study sought to expand our theoretical understanding of the individual and socio-ecological predictors of whether child protective services professionals engage in resilient behaviors. Child protection professionals' resilience must be fostered by socio-ecological contexts, such as their workplace and employers, and additional supports are needed during the trying times of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.

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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

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