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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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91 - 105 of 156
Deaths in children and young people in England after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first pandemic year

AUTHOR(S)
Clare Smith; David Odd; Rachel Harwood (et al.)

Published: November 2021   Journal: Nature Medicine
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is rarely fatal in children and young people (CYP, <18 years old), but quantifying the risk of death is challenging because CYP are often infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibiting no or minimal symptoms. To distinguish between CYP who died as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection and those who died of another cause but were coincidentally infected with the virus, this study undertook a clinical review of all CYP deaths with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test from March 2020 to February 2021. The predominant SARS-CoV-2 variants were wild-type and Alpha.
How children in Sweden accessed and perceived information during the first phase of the Covid-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Lise-Lott Rydström; Charlotte Ångström-Brännström; Lucy Blake (et al.)

Published: November 2021   Journal: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health

This study aims to describe how children in Sweden accessed and perceived information about SARS-CoV2 and Covid-19 during the first phase of the outbreak. This study is a substudy of an international cross-sectional online mixed methods survey examining elements of children’s health literacy in relation to Covid-19. The survey included multiple-choice questions, open-ended questions and drawings and collected information from 50 Swedish children (7–12 years). Data were analysed concurrently on a descriptive level using statistics and content analysis. Quantitative and qualitative data, including the drawings, were considered equally important and resulted in six categories, illuminating how children accessed and perceived information about the pandemic.

Parents’ attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and childhood vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Yakup Çağ; Güven Bektemür; Şemsinur Karabela (et al.)

Published: November 2021   Journal: Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health

Vaccination is the most important and successful public health tool for combating infections and epidemics.' During the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it has once again become clear that vaccination is the most effective way to protect people from infectious diseases and epidemics. The significance and success of vaccination is indisputable; however, vaccine hesitancy and refusal regarding both COVID-19 and other childhood vaccinations have become serious problems in the fight against vaccine-preventable diseases and epidemics. This study aimed to investigate parental attitudes toward COVID-19 and childhood vaccines, causes of vaccine exitancy and refusal, and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on parental vaccine attitudes.


Asthma as a risk factor for hospitalization in children with COVID-19: a nested case-control study

AUTHOR(S)
Kristina Gaietto; Megan Culler Freeman; Leigh Anne DiCicco (et al.)

Published: November 2021   Journal: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology

Most pediatric studies of asthma and COVID-19 to date have been ecological, which offer limited insight. This study evaluated the association between asthma and COVID-19 at an individual level. Using data from prospective clinical registries, it conducted a nested case-control study comparing three groups: children with COVID-19 and underlying asthma (“A+C” cases); children with COVID-19 without underlying disease (“C+” controls); and children with asthma without COVID-19 (“A+” controls).

A cross-sectional investigation of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and associated risk factors in children and adolescents in the United States

AUTHOR(S)
Rebecca E. Levorson; Erica Christian; Brett Hunter (et al.)

Published: November 2021   Journal: Plos One

Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 data remain limited and seropositivity rates in children were reported as <1% early in the pandemic. Seroepidemiologic evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 in children in a major metropolitan region of the US was performed. Children and adolescents ≤19 years were enrolled in a cross-sectional, observational study of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence from July-October 2020 in Northern Virginia, US. Demographic, health, and COVID-19 exposure information was collected, and blood analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein total antibody. Risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity were analyzed. Orthogonal antibody testing was performed, and samples were evaluated for responses to different antigens.

COVID-19 infection in newborns

AUTHOR(S)
Jeffrey M. Perlman; Christine Salvatore

Published: November 2021   Journal: Clinics in Perinatology
The COVID-19 pandemic due to the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread worldwide with heavy consequences on global public health during the past 1.5 years. During this time it has become apparent that adults with co-morbidities have the highest risk for severe disease and death, meanwhile it became clearer that children, even though not immune from acquiring the infection, had a less severe presentation and outcome compared to adults. Seroprevalence from some reports seems similar to adults, but the observed cases are less, indicating most likely that children are asymptomatic or very mildly ill to draw medical attention and to be tested.
Epidemiology, clinical features, and outcomes of coronavirus disease among children in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study
Published: November 2021   Journal: International Journal of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is milder with favorable outcomes in children than in adults. However, detailed data regarding COVID-19 in children from Saudi Arabia are scarce. This study aimed to describe COVID-19 among children in Al-Madinah, Saudi This retrospective observational study included children <14 years old hospitalized with COVID-19 between May 1, 2020 and July 31, 2020. Clinical data, COVID-19 disease severity, and outcomes were collected. The total number of presenting symptoms and signs were computed by counting those recorded upon presentation. The Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test was used to compare the number of symptoms and signs across all levels of COVID-19 severity.

COVID-19 critical illness in pregnancy

AUTHOR(S)
Stephen E. Lapinsky; Maha Al Mandhari

Published: November 2021   Journal: Obstetric Medicine
Although the pregnant population was affected by early waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing transmission and severity due to new viral variants has resulted in an increased incidence of severe illness during pregnancy in many regions. Critical illness and respiratory failure are relatively uncommon occurrences during pregnancy, and there are limited high-quality data to direct management. This paper reviews the current literature on COVID-19 management as it relates to pregnancy, and provides an overview of critical care support in these patients. COVID-19 drug therapy is similar to that used in the non-pregnant patient, including anti-inflammatory therapy with steroids and IL-6 inhibitors, although safety data are limited for antiviral drugs such as remdesivir and monoclonal antibodies. As both pregnancy and COVID-19 are thrombogenic, thromboprophylaxis is essential. Endotracheal intubation is a higher risk during pregnancy, but mechanical ventilation should follow usual principles. ICU management should be directed at optimizing maternal well-being, which in turn will benefit the fetus.
Respiratory infections in children during a Covid-19 pandemic winter

AUTHOR(S)
Susanne C. Diesner-Treiber; Peter Voitl; Julian J. M. Voitl (et al.)

Published: October 2021   Journal: Frontiers in Pediatrics
The Covid-19 pandemic compelled the implementation of measures to curb the SARS CoV-2 spread, such as social distancing, wearing FFP2 masks, and frequent hand hygiene. One anticipated ramification of these measures was the containment of other pathogens. This prospective, longitudinal study aimed to investigate the spread of 22 common seasonal non-SARS-CoV-2 pathogens, such as RSV and influenza, among children with an acute respiratory infection during a pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic: adverse effects on the social determinants of health in children and families

AUTHOR(S)
Elissa M. Abrams; Matthew Greenhawt; Marcus Shaker (et al.)

Published: October 2021   Journal: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

This study aims to describe the impact of social determinants on the experience of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic within the pediatric population, how this impact may influence the long-term health and security of children, and what measures can be taken to ameliorate this impact moving forward. It is a nonsystematic review of relevant literature and news sources.

Three months follow-up of children infected with COVID-19

AUTHOR(S)
O. Turunc; A. N. Emecen; S. Keskin (et al.)

Published: October 2021   Journal: European Journal of Public Health

There is limited research on children infected with Covid-19 after initial diagnosis. The aim of this study was to describe changes in symptoms in children infected by Covid-19 after 1st and 3rd months of diagnosis. Covid-19 patients age under 18 admitted to the Dokuz Eylul University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey during December 2020 (n = 144) and completed three months follow-up (n = 123) were included in this prospective cohort study. Data on age, sex, parents' educational status, perceived economic status, presence of Covid-19 patient at household, chronic diseases history, initial and existing symptoms and perception of recovery were collected via telephone interviews. Persistent symptom was defined as any symptom reported within a week of the interview. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U Test were used for univariate analyses.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 31 | Issue: Supplement 3 | No. of pages: 1 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19, disease transmission, hospitalization, infectious disease, respiratory diseases | Countries: Turkey
The effect of COVID-19 on anxiety levels of children with CF and healthy peers

AUTHOR(S)
Muruvvet Yanaz; Cansu Yilmaz Yegit; Almala Pinar Ergenekon (et al.)

Published: October 2021   Journal: Pediatrics International

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic disease causing recurrent respiratory tract infections. Viral respiratory tract infections are more severe in CF. The first case of COVID-19 was seen in Turkey on March 11, 2020 and nationwide school closure and lockdown were implemented. School closure and home confinement might have adverse effects on children’s physical and mental health. In this study, we aimed to compare the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on psychological reactions of CF patients and healthy controls. This is a controlled cross-sectional study including 7-18 year-old children with CF. The survey included questions regarding family environment and peer relations, self care and psychological reactions to COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire was applied to children via telephone call under parental supervision.

Global characteristics and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents with cancer (GRCCC): a cohort study

AUTHOR(S)
Sheena Mukkada; Nickhill Bhakta; Guillermo L. Chantada (et al.)

Published: August 2021   Journal: The Lancet Oncology

Previous studies have shown that children and adolescents with COVID-19 generally have mild disease. Children and adolescents with cancer, however, can have severe disease when infected with respiratory viruses. In this study, we aimed to understand the clinical course and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents with cancer. We did a cohort study with data from 131 institutions in 45 countries. We created the Global Registry of COVID-19 in Childhood Cancer to capture de-identified data pertaining to laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections in children and adolescents (<19 years) with cancer or having received a haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. There were no centre-specific exclusion criteria. The registry was disseminated through professional networks through email and conferences and health-care providers were invited to submit all qualifying cases. Data for demographics, oncological diagnosis, clinical course, and cancer therapy details were collected.

Evaluation of predictors of severe-moderate COVID-19 infections at children: a review of 292 children

AUTHOR(S)
Aybüke A. Kara; Elif Böncüoğlu; Elif Kıymet

Published: July 2021   Journal: Journal of Medical Virology
Although the underlying disease is associated with a severe course in adults and laboratory abnormalities have been widely reported, there are not sufficient data on the clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children with pre-existing comorbid conditions and on laboratory findings. This study aimed to describe the independent risk factors for estimating the severity of the COVID-19 in children. All children between 1 month and 18 years old who were hospitalized during the period of March 11–December 31, 2020, resulting from COVID-19 were included in the study. Patients were categorized into mild (group 1) and moderate + severe/critically (group 2) severity based on the criteria. Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and laboratory variables between the two groups were compared. A total of 292 children confirmed to have COVID-19 infection were included in the study.
SARS-CoV-2 antibodies started to decline just four months after COVID-19 infection in a paediatric population

AUTHOR(S)
Adin Breuer; Allon Raphael; Hagay Stern (et al.)

Published: July 2021   Journal: Acta Paediatrica

This study evaluated the prevalence of paediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections using antibody testing and characterised antibody titres by time from exposure. This was a single-centre, prospective, cross-sectional cohort study. Patients under 18 years old were eligible to participate if they attended the paediatric emergency department at the tertiary Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, from 18 October 2020 to 12 January 2021 and required blood tests or intravenous access. SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and antibody levels were tested by a dual-assay model.

91 - 105 of 156

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