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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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61 - 75 of 468
Analysis of the behavior of pregnant women about the importance of the Covid-19 vaccine in the work area of the regional technical implementation unit (UPTD) of the Tirtajaya health center

AUTHOR(S)
Selpi Auliawati; Omega D. R. Tahun

Published: November 2022   Journal: INFLUENCE: International Journal of Science Review

According  to  WHO  (2021)  Indonesia  itself  has  confirmed  4,066,404  cases,  with  131,372 confirmed  cases  of  death  (Covid-19  Task  Force,  2021).  Vulnerable  groups  are  at  greater  risk,  one  of which  is  pregnant  women.  Pregnant  women  with  COVID-19  occur  in  the  first,  second  and  third trimesters.  COVID-19  infection  in  pregnant  women  can  affect  the  organs  of  genesis  and  fetal development.  The earlier  the  case  of  infection,  the  greater  the  risk  of  miscarriage.  Pregnant  women with COVID-19 are more likely to give birth prematurely.Research Objectives isto find out the factors that influence the behavior of pregnant women carrying out the Covid 19 vaccine in the Working Area of the  Tirtajaya  Health  Center,  Tirtajaya  District,  Karawang  Regency  in  2022.

Children, COVID, and confusion: how frontline workers cope with the challenges of vaccine mandates

AUTHOR(S)
Jake Harvey; Katie Attwell

Published: November 2022   Journal: Australian Journal of Public Administration
With the emergence of COVID-19, many governments around the world co-oped non-health actors into enforcing comprehensive mandatory vaccination policies. Implementing these policies can be challenging, creating irreconcilable goals and problems with knowledge and understanding of areas outside the implementers’ direct field of expertise or scope of work. We know very little about how such frontline workers cope with these challenges associated with implementing policies whose goals lie well outside their remit (which we describe as generating exogenous policy pressures), and what this means for the operation of the policies. This article uses policies in place prior to the pandemic to fill this gap. It examines attitudes and experiences of frontline childcare educators who implement Australia's No Jab, No Play childhood vaccine mandate policies within the states of New South Wales, Queensland, and Victoria.
Barriers and facilitators of childhood COVID-19 vaccination among parents: a systematic review

AUTHOR(S)
Yusra Habib Khan; Maria Rasheed; Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Frontiers in Pediatrics

The acceptance of vaccination against COVID-19 among parents of young children plays a significant role in controlling the current pandemic. A wide range of factors that influence vaccine hesitancy in adults has been reported worldwide, but less attention has been given to COVID-19 vaccination among children. Vaccine hesitancy is considered a major challenge in achieving herd immunity, and it is more challenging among parents as they remain deeply concerned about their child’s health. In this context, a systematic review of the current literature is inevitable to assess vaccine hesitancy among parents of young children to ensure a successful ongoing vaccination program. A systematic search of peer-reviewed English literature indexed in Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, and Web of science was performed using developed keywords between 1 January 2020 and August 2022. This systematic review included only those studies that focused on parental concerns about COVID-19 vaccines in children up to 12 years without a diagnosis of COVID-19. Following PRISMA guidelines, a total of 108 studies were included. The quality appraisal of the study was performed by Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS).

Parental intentions to vaccinate children against COVID-19: findings from a U.S. national survey

AUTHOR(S)
Rebecca J. Guerin; Arash Naeim; Ryan Baxter-King (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Vaccine
This study examined parents' COVID-19 vaccination intentions for their children, reasons for not vaccinating, and the potential impact of a school/daycare vaccination requirement or pediatrician’s recommendation on vaccination intentions. Two online surveys were conducted in June–July and September–October 2021, before pediatric COVID-19 vaccines were authorized for emergency use in children age < 12 years, with an internet-based, non-probability sample of U.S. adults. Respondents with children (age < 18 years) in the household were asked about their intention (likelihood) of vaccinating these children against COVID-19. Weighted Chi-square tests using a Rao-Scott correction were performed.
Understanding of COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant female – Hesitancy and acceptance: a prospective observational study

AUTHOR(S)
Parul Singh; Meenakshi Chauhan; Menka Verma (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Asian Journal of Medical Sciences

India is one of the most severely affected countries due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A higher risk of severe illness and complications from COVID-19 had been observed in pregnant women as compared to nonpregnant women. The government of India on July 2, 2021, provided approval for the vaccination of pregnant women against COVID-19. A little data regarding the safety or harm during pregnancy of vaccination were available that time. Lack of safety data, fear, mistrust, underestimation of efficacy of vaccine, and chaos due to pandemic makes indecisive surrounding for pregnant women and this causes hesitancy with decision making about the COVID-19 vaccination.  This study aims to analyze the willingness and hesitancy of pregnant women to get vaccinated against COVID-19.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 13 | Issue: 11 | No. of pages: 6 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: COVID-19, immunization, immunization programmes, infectious disease, pregnant women, vaccination, vaccination policies | Countries: India
Factors affecting Egyptian mothers' intentions to vaccinate their children against COVID-19: a cross sectional study in Egypt

AUTHOR(S)
Hala Saied; Nahla Abdelnaby Elkandoz; Basma Mahamoud AbdElhamid Dawood (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Tanta Scientific Nursing Journal
The rapid increase in the COVID-19 cases among children needs more attention from health care workers especially nurses. The rapid expansion of vaccines covering children is an important factor for combating this catastrophic pandemic. This study aimed to investigate factors affecting Egyptian mothers' intentions to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. A descriptive cross-sectional design was utilized in this study. The study was carried out at pediatric outpatient clinics at Tanta University Hospital. 1200 mothers who had children under the age of 18 were recruited to participate in this study. A structured interview questionnaire that had three parts. The first part covered the socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers, the second part measured mothers’ vaccination intention, factors affecting their intentions and the third part was assessing the mothers' trust in the recommended COVID-19 vaccination schedule.
Brazilian adults' attitudes and practices regarding the mandatory COVID-19 vaccination and their hesitancy towards childhood vaccination

AUTHOR(S)
Edson Zangiacomi Martinez; Miriane Lucindo Zucoloto; Vânia Pinheiro Ramos (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Vaccines
This study investigated the attitudes and practices of Brazilian adults regarding the mandatory COVID-19 vaccination and their hesitancy towards the vaccination of children. Between March and May 2022, Brazilian adults answered an online questionnaire distributed through social media. The SAGE-WG questionnaire was adapted to measure hesitancy to the vaccination of children.
Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 10 | Issue: 11 | No. of pages: 16 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19, immunization, immunization programmes, infectious disease, pandemic, vaccination, vaccination policies | Countries: Brazil
Secondary school teachers and Outpatient Physicians: differences in attitudes towards vaccination against COVID-19 in Slovakia

AUTHOR(S)
Maria Tatarkova; Romana Ulbrichtova; Viera Svihrova (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Vaccines
The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in attitudes towards vaccination against COVID-19 among secondary school teachers and outpatient physicians. A cross-sectional study was realised using anonymous questionnaires. The EPI Info 7 program and R software, version 4.0.2 were used for statistical analysis. The questionnaire was completed by 868 respondents (teaching staff N = 451; outpatient physician N = 417). The number of employees vaccinated against COVID-19 was 742 (85.5%). The number of those vaccinated against COVID-19 and influenza (last season) was 192 (21.9%). The statistically significant predictors were the level of fear of COVID-19 (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.29–1.52), profession—outpatient physicians (OR 2.56; 95% CI 1.55–4.23), history of COVID-19 (OR 0.34; 95% CI 0.22–0.54), gender (OR 0.55; 95% CI 0.33–0.89) and influenza vaccination at any time in the past (OR 3.52; 95% CI 1.10–11.31).
Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 10 | Issue: 11 | No. of pages: 10 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: COVID-19, immunization, immunization programmes, infectious disease, teachers, vaccination, vaccination policies | Countries: Slovakia
Communication is crucial: lessons from COVID-19 vaccination and pregnancy

AUTHOR(S)
Christine Cole; Maria Tsakiroglou; Catriona Waitt

Published: November 2022   Journal: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
The morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 infection are higher in pregnant women compared to their nonpregnant counterparts. As real-world evidence accumulates demonstrating there is no increased risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy, guidelines have evolved from a case-by-case benefit-risk decision through to clear recommendation in April 2021 for COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy. However, vaccine hesitancy is a barrier to uptake, especially among the younger population and individuals of ethnic minority backgrounds; pregnant women have additional concerns. Trust in the importance and effectiveness of the vaccine, trust in public health agencies and science, together with good communication methods regarding the safety of COVID-19 vaccines are strong factors for vaccination acceptance in pregnancy. Lack of trust in the health system was worsened by initial knowledge gaps in the information provided about COVID-19 infection and the safety and immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines. This was exacerbated by access to incorrect information and misinformation to fill in those knowledge gaps, especially with the increased use of social media. To provide advice and reassurance on COVID-19 vaccine safety to pregnant women, healthcare professionals involved in their care should have the knowledge and skills to provide risk-benefit communication and would benefit from access to training in science communication. Clinical pharmacologists have the expertise to appraise and synthesize emerging pharmacovigilance data, which can inform and support risk-benefit communication by other clinicians. Information should be strategically directed at individual audiences, taking their perspectives and foundational belief systems into consideration.
A scenario modelling analysis to anticipate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents and children on disease outcomes in the Netherlands, summer 2021

AUTHOR(S)
Kylie E. C. Ainslie; Jantien A. Backer; Pieter T. de Boer (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Eurosurveillance
This work presents an analysis to inform a policy decision during summer 2021, specifically whether to extend vaccination to adolescents (12–17-year-olds) and children (5–11-year-olds). To this end, it developed a deterministic, age-structured susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (SEIR) model. It briefly describe the debate surrounding this policy decision to motivate this analysis and then present the results of our scenario modelling. Finally, it discusses the implications of its findings and reflect on its modelling conclusions in light of the emergence of the Omicron (Phylogenetic Assignment of Named Global Outbreak (Pango) lineage: B.1.1.529) variant.
Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 27 | Issue: 44 | No. of pages: 10 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: COVID-19, immunization, immunization programmes, infectious disease, vaccination, vaccination policies | Countries: Netherlands
Short- and long-term self-reported symptoms in adolescents aged 12–19 years after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 compared to adolescents not vaccinated: a Danish retrospective cohort study

AUTHOR(S)
Selina Kikkenborg Berg; Helle Wallach-Kildemoes; Line Ryberg Rasmussen (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Vaccines
This study investigated self-reported short- and long-term symptoms among adolescents receiving the BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and those who did not. A retrospective cohort study based on Danish national survey (collected between 20 July and 15 September 2021) and register data was conducted. Differences in short-term (<14 days) and long-term (>two months) symptoms were explored using logistic regression adjusted for confounders. A total of 747 vaccinated (first dose n = 326; second dose n = 421) and 6300 unvaccinated adolescents were included in analyses of short-term symptoms and 32 vaccinated and 704 unvaccinated adolescents in long-term symptom analyses.
Post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in children aged 3-11 years and the positivity in unvaccinated children: a retrospective, single-center study

AUTHOR(S)
Jing Li; Menglei Ge; Shuzhi Dai (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

This study aimed to analyze the positivity and levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in vaccinated children to evaluate the humoral immune response of vaccination on pediatric population. Analysis on the causes of antibody positivity in unvaccinated children. A retrospective study was conducted on children who were admitted to the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics. The clinical data of serological testing of SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG antibodies were collected from SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated or unvaccinated children with no evidence of prior novel coronavirus infection. Chemiluminescence immunoassay was utilized for the in vitro determination of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

A social cognitive theory approach to understanding parental attitudes and intentions to vaccinate children during the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Ying Zhu; Michael Beam; Yue Ming (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Vaccines
The distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine represents a path towards global health after a worldwide pandemic. Yet, the U.S. response to the vaccination rollout has been politically polarized. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the contextual factors that influence parents’ attitudes towards health officials and their intention to vaccinate children, focusing on communication behaviors, personal factors, and geographic locations. It uses Bandura’s triadic reciprocal determinism (TRD) model which posits reciprocal influence between personal factors, environmental factors, and behaviors.
Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AUTHOR(S)
Jewel Maria Sabu; Izza Zahid; Namitha Jacob (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Vaccines
Efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic have expanded to the vaccination of children and adolescents. This systematic review assesses the utility of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine in children and adolescents aged 5–18 years, considering its effectiveness against COVID infection, hospital and intensive care admission and duration of effectiveness after vaccination. Six databases were searched following the PRISMA guidelines. Pooled estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using meta-analysis. Fifteen studies were included in the systematic review, while 12 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Evidence suggests that the two-dose vaccination regime provided high effectiveness of 92% (95% CI, 86–96) against COVID infection. Vaccination also conferred high protection against hospitalisation (91%) and intensive care admission (85%). The vaccine was highly protective against the Delta variant of the virus, but showed a lower protection against the Omicron variant.
Models of determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in non-pregnant and pregnant population: review of current literature"

AUTHOR(S)
Lauren Tostrud; Julia Thelen; Anna Palatnik

Published: November 2022   Journal: Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
Vaccination has proven to be the most effective tool in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. While pregnant individuals are considered to be a high-risk population and are more likely to experience adverse effects from COVID-19, vaccination rates among pregnant individuals are significantly lower than in the general population. The Health Belief Model (HBM), Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), 3C model, 5C model, and 5A model have been used to assess vaccination hesitancy behaviors. In this paper, we review the use of each of these models to address vaccine hesitancy, with a focus on the pregnant population and the COVID-19 vaccine. The HBM, TPB, 3C model, and 5C model have demonstrated great versatility in their ability to evaluate, explain, and modify vaccine hesitancy and behavior. Up to date, the HBM and 3C models appear to be the most effective models to study and address vaccination hesitancy within the pregnant persons.
61 - 75 of 468

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