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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNDER DEVELOPMENT UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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Research Report

A neglected tragedy: The global burden of stillbirths 2020

Institution: *UNICEF, World Health Organisation, The World Bank, United Nations
Published: October 2020 UNICEF Publication

There is a high risk that the COVID-19 pandemic may reverse decades-long progress on reducing child mortality and affect the number of stillbirths. This new release of the first-ever joint stillbirth estimates by the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) presents the number of babies that are stillborn every year due to pregnancy and birth-related complications, the absence of health workers and basic services. The issue has become an essential part of global child survival initiatives. UNICEF calls on international organizations, governments and partners for increased and strong political will, sound policies and targeted investment along the continuum of care for every mother and child.

Journal article

Food insecurity in households with young children: a test of contextual congruence

AUTHOR(S)
Justin T. Denney; Mackenzie Brewer; Rachel Tolbert Kimbro

Published: October 2020 Journal: Social Science & Medicine

Household food insecurity, an inability to provide adequate nutrition for a healthy, active lifestyle, affects nearly 1 in 7 households with children in the United States. Though rates of food insecurity declined to pre-recession levels just prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, they are now once again increasing. As a result, in one of the wealthiest countries in the world, millions of young children continue to grow up in households that struggle daily with a problem that is often associated with the developing world. The result is both immediate and long- term health and development deficits for children.

Journal article

Examining the impact of COVID-19 in ethnically diverse families with young children with intellectual and developmental disabilities

AUTHOR(S)
C. Neece; L. L. McIntyre; R. Fenning

Published: October 2020 Journal: Journal of Intellectual Disability Research

The present study sought to examine the impact of COVID-19 in 77 ethnically, linguistically and socioeconomically diverse families with young children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) in California and Oregon, who were participating in larger intervention studies.

Research Report

Protect the progress: rise, refocus, recover

Institution: *UNICEF, World Health Organisation
Published: September 2020 UNICEF Publication

Since the Every Woman Every Child movement was launched 10 years ago, there has been remarkable progress in improving the health of the world’s women, children, and adolescents, including reducing maternal and child mortality and improving child nutrition and education. However, conflict, climate instability, and the COVID-19 pandemic are putting all children and adolescents at risk . In particular, the COVID-19 crisis is exacerbating inequities, with reported disruptions in essential health interventions disproportionately impacting the most vulnerable women and children.
This report notes that the COVID-19 pandemic has made clear how fundamental good data are across sectors; that greater investments are needed to build resilient systems to provide high-quality and integrated services consistently; and COVID-19 recovery efforts require multilateral action and continued investment in development.

Research Report

Accelerating results for children with technology and digital innovation

Institution: *UNICEF
Published: September 2020 UNICEF Publication

With the global emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, digital development has become an integral component of UNICEF’s work as national programmes shifted to distance and remote delivery means.

This report highlights examples of country-level COVID-19 response initiatives employing digital innovation and T4D approaches, in support of both its humanitarian action and development programmes. It further demonstrates how the scale-up of T4D’s strategic integration in programming and digital innovations has allowed UNICEF to support programme partners in closing gaps to meet children’s needs, often under complex environments, and in line with existing national systems. These initiatives span UNICEF programmes worldwide and help address children’s health, nutrition, education, protection, access to water, sanitation and hygiene, and inclusion.

Research Report

Levels & Trends in Child Mortality. United Nations Inter-Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN IGME) Report 2020

Institution: *UNICEF, World Health Organization, The World Bank
Published: September 2020 UNICEF Publication

There have been dramatic reductions in child and youth mortality over the last 29 years. Globally, under-five mortality has dropped by 59% since 1990—from 93 deaths per 1,000 live births then to 38 deaths in 2019. Initial evidence suggests that the impact of COVID-19 on direct mortality for children and youth may be small, but indirect effects can be severe. Many life-saving services have already been disrupted by COVID-19.

Research Report

Countries embracing maternal employment have opened schools sooner after COVID-19 lockdowns

AUTHOR(S)
Ansgar Hudde; Natalie Nitsche

Published: September 2020

This study shows that societal gender ideology likely has affected school closure and opening policies. Societies that are more supportive of maternal employment have reopened schools significantly sooner than societies less supportive of maternal employment, relative to other opening measures and net of infection rates. The study contributes novel evidence on the role of attitudes on policy-decision making, and unveils the presence of a potential gender ideology bias in policy-makers’ ad-hoc decision-making under time pressure. The epidemic threat remains high and questions about the operation of schools continue to be a pressing matter. Considering this bias in decision-making can improve further policy-measures during the remainder of the pandemic, and beyond.

Cite this research | Open access | Language: English | Topics: Health, Education | Tags: gender equality, gender roles, school attendance, social behaviour, social inequality, women's employment, women's rights

Commentaries and Think Pieces

COVID-19 and school return: The need and necessity

AUTHOR(S)
Cecily L. Betz

Published: September 2020 Journal: Journal of Pediatric Nursing

This paper discusses children and youth safely returning to schools in the midst of this Pandemic and the roles and responsibilities of pediatric nurses in supporting their school return. As evidence accumulates to inform treatment and public health preventive practices, questions arise as to the current and long-term psychosocial concerns and risk factors affecting the health and wellbeing of children that are the indirect yet problematic effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Child health experts, educators and families themselves, are calling attention to the actual and potential consequences of the necessary preventive practices of social distancing and stay at home directives.

Evidence Synthesis and other Reviews

Coronavirus disease (COVID) 2019 in children: a short review

AUTHOR(S)
Sham Balkisanji Lohiya; Sachin Damke; Richa Chaudhary

Published: September 2020 Journal: International Journal of Current Research and Review

Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a series of Cases of severe pneumonia worldwide. It originated in Wuhan in Hubei province, China. SARS-CoV-2 causes infection by ACE receptors, similar to SARS. It causes potential damage to vital organs, mainly the lungs. COVID- 19 mainly affects respiratory tract with symptoms ranging from upper respiratory tract infection like symptoms to full-blown ARDS. Although the pediatric age group is shown to be less susceptible to severe infection, they can very well act as an intermediate in the transmitter of the virus. Treatment is symp-tomatic for mild diseases, but severe disease and ARDS require ICU management and specific treatment.

Datasets

Levels and trends in child mortality

Institution: *UNICEF
Published: September 2020 UNICEF Publication

The progress in reducing child mortality around the world has been remarkable. Under-five mortality rates have declined by almost 60 per cent since 1990, and as a result millions more children survive to adolescence today than they did three decades ago. The impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, however, threatens years of improvement in child and adolescent survival through the interruption of essential health services. Even before the coronavirus captured the world’s attention, it was clear that if survival targets were to be met, resources and policy would need to be geared towards accelerating progress and not just maintaining it.

Cite this research | Open access | Language: English | Topics: Health, Nutrition | Tags: child health, health services, mortality rate

Research Report

Progress on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene in schools: special focus on COVID-19

Institution: *UNICEF, World Health Organisation
Published: September 2020 UNICEF Publication

Global school closures in response to the COVID-19 pandemic affect up to 1.6 billion children and present an unprecedented risk to their education and well-being. WHO and UNICEF guidelines on infection prevention in schools identify a range of measures that need to be in place for schools to reopen and operate safely, including regular hand-washing with soap and water, daily disinfection and basic drinking water and sanitation services.

Cite this research | No. of pages: 87 | Language: English | Topics: Health, Education, Water Sanitation and Hygiene | Tags: hygiene, school attendance, water supply, COVID-19 response, handwashing

Journal article

Safeguarding children's right to health in hospital during COVID-19

AUTHOR(S)
Jennifer McIntosh; Montserrat Esquerda Aresté; Joe Brierley (et al.)

Published: September 2020 Journal: The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

Children's hospitals have long been advocates of a rights-based approach to health care and will be crucial for ensuring that the rights of children are protected during future COVID-19 surges.

Commentaries and Think Pieces

COVID-19 and child neurology care

AUTHOR(S)
Sheffali Gulati; Juhi Gupta; Priyanka Madaan

Published: September 2020 Journal: Neurology India

The escalating pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed a multitude of challenges for pediatric neurologists. These range from managing children with COVID-19 presenting with neurological involvement to diagnosing COVID-19 in children presenting with isolated neurological manifestations and providing a continuum of care to children with pre-existing or newly diagnosed neurological disorders during this difficult time.

Commentaries and Think Pieces

What will the long-lasting effect of the COVID-19 pandemic be on children's health and wellbeing?

AUTHOR(S)
Tobias Alfvén

Published: September 2020 Journal: Acta Paediatrica

This editorial is about the long lasting effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's health and well-being.

Evidence Synthesis and other Reviews

Children with COVID-19 behaving milder may challenge the public policies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AUTHOR(S)
Chan Liu; Lian Liu; Yu He (et al.)

Published: September 2020 Journal: BMC Pediatrics

A single-arm meta-analysis was conducted. PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and several Chinese databases have been searched for studies presenting characteristics of children confirmed with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from December 12, 2019 to May 10, 2020.

Cite this research | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19

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UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.

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COVID-19 & Children: Rapid Research Response

UNICEF Innocenti is mobilizing a rapid research response in line with UNICEF’s global response to the COVID-19 crisis. The initiatives we’ve begun will provide the broad range of evidence needed to inform our work to scale up rapid assessment, develop urgent mitigating strategies in programming and advocacy, and preparation of interventions to respond to the medium and longer-term consequences of the COVID-19 crisis. The research projects cover a rapid review of evidence, education analysis, and social and economic policies.

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