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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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46 - 60 of 1133
Adolescents' academic self-efficacy and emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic: a latent profile analysis of family and school risk factors

AUTHOR(S)
K. Strasser; P. Arias; F. Alessandri (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: School Psychology
The study sought to identify family conditions and school actions associated with academic self-efficacy and emotional well-being of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. School closures are likely to have affected students’ sense of academic efficacy and emotional well-being by removing support factors such as teacher and peer support for both academic and social tasks. At the same time, family stressors caused by the pandemic are also likely to have affected children. Data were collected by a Chilean school district about the family conditions and well-being of 5th–12th-grade students (N = 1,941) during lockdown. Exploratory factor analysis and latent profile analysis were applied to parents’ and students’ reports about family processes and material conditions. Family profiles and school responses to lockdown were used to predict students’ academic self-efficacy and emotions. Family profiles were mainly differentiated by parenting processes, material conditions, and parenting stress. Regression analyses showed that the family profile predicted students’ negative emotions and low self-efficacy. Specifically, children of families with higher scores in all dimensions were less at risk of reporting low academic self-efficacy and negative emotions, but the two average profiles—with high and low stress—were not different in this regard. Student gender and age were predictors of negative emotions but not self-efficacy. In contrast to family factors, school actions during the pandemic did not predict academic self-efficacy and well-being.
Stress, anxiety, and school burnout post COVID-19: a study of French adolescents

AUTHOR(S)
Aurélie Simoës-Perlant; Marion Barreau; Caroline Vezilier (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Mind, Brain, and Education

This  study  examined  the  symptoms  ofexhaustion, school stress and anxious school refusal from acomparative developmental perspective in French adoles-cents enrolled in public and private general, technologicaland vocational schools. It is particularly important to con-sider academic stress levels, anxiety and school burnoutin middle and high school students as they are linked tomany mental health problems, such as depression or suici-dal thoughts. In this study, four hundred and ninety-threeadolescents completed an online questionnaire consistingof the School Burnout Inventory, the Echelle Toulousainede Stress Scolaire perçu and the School refusal evaluationwas developed. The results show a very high percentage ofsuffering among teenagers. The young people most affectedare high school students and more particularly students in10th and 12th grade, with nearly three-quarters of themsuffering from school burnout and/or high school stress,without any distinction between the sexes or the type ofschooling.

Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on substance use among middle school and high school students: a natural experiment

AUTHOR(S)
Jonathan K. Noel; Samantha R. Rosenthal; Samantha K. Borden (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Public Health Reports
Research on COVID-19’s effect on substance use is mixed, and few studies have focused on adolescents. This study assessed whether implementation of the COVID-19 lockdown affected substance use and changed perceptions of psychoactive substance availability in middle and high school students. It assessed self-reported use and perceived availability of alcohol, tobacco cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, marijuana, synthetic marijuana, nonprescribed prescription drugs, and illicit drugs (heroin, inhalants) among middle and high school respondents aged 11-18 years to the Rhode Island Student Survey (N = 17 751). An administrative pause because of COVID-19 lockdowns allowed us to divide results into surveys completed before (January through March 2020; n = 13 259) and after (November 2020 through May 2021; n = 4492) the lockdown implementation. The study determined the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown using logistic regression models, adjusting for age, gender/sexual orientation, middle/high school level, and city/town classification.
Latent profiles of adolescents' relationships with parents and siblings: Associations with emotional and behavioral responses during the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Yingying Tang; Yingmiao Shao; Ting He (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Current Psychology
The purpose of this study is to identify the latent profiles of Chinese adolescents’ family (parent–adolescent and sibling) relationships prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as associations between those profiles and adolescents’ emotional and behavioral responses. A total of 2,305 adolescents from China aged between 10 and 18 years completed measures of parent–adolescent relationships, sibling relationships, and emotional and behavioral responses during the pandemic.
Adaptability favors positive academic responses and posttraumatic growth under COVID-19: a longitudinal study with adolescents

AUTHOR(S)
Tommaso Feraco; Nicole Casali; Chiara Meneghetti

Published: December 2022   Journal: European Journal of Psychology of Education
The COVID-19 pandemic prompted an abrupt adoption of online learning worldwide challenging students’ scholastic engagement and their ability to self-regulate their learning. Under these unexpected conditions, adaptability (one’s capacity to adjust thoughts, behaviors, and emotions in new and uncertain situations) might have sustained students to maintain high engagement and find new learning solutions. Students with high adaptability might also interpret COVID-19-related novelty as an opportunity and show higher posttraumatic growth levels. A longitudinal path analysis showed that in a sample of 435 Italian students (11–18 years old), adaptability at Time 1 positively related to engagement, self-regulated learning, and posttraumatic growth at the end of the school year, indirectly favoring academic achievement, through the mediation of engagement and self-regulated learning.
Resilience, well-being and informal and formal support in multi-problem families during the Covid-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Natasha Koper; Hanneke E. Creemers; Levi van Dam (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health

The Covid-19 pandemic may have had negative effects on youth and parental mental health, especially in high-risk populations such as multi-problem families (i.e., families that experience problems in multiple domains, such as mental health and social network problems). Using one to four assessments during all phases of the Covid-19 pandemic up until January 2022, this study examined the associations between pandemic-related stress and mental health (resilience and well-being) of youth and parents from multi-problem families. It also investigated whether experienced informal (i.e., youth informal mentoring) and formal support (i.e., therapist support) served as protective factors in this association. A total of 92 youth aged 10–19 years (46.7% girls; mean age 16.00 years) and 78 parents (79.5% female; mean age 47.17 years) filled in one to four questionnaires between March 2020 and January 2022. Multi-level analyses were conducted to account for the nested structure of the data.

Awareness of meaning and quest for meaning: The mechanisms between future orientation and prosociality among youth during pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Wai-Kin Lui; Chi-Keung Chan; Kai-Hang Ng (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Frontiers in Psychology

The positive relationship between future orientation and prosocial tendency has been consistently reported. However, the possible mechanism has not been examined yet. Previous research revealed the positive relationship between future orientation and meaning in life, as well as between meaning in life and prosocial tendency. Hence, it is hypothesized that the two components of meaning in life (presence of meaning and search for meaning) possibly mediate the relationship between future orientation and prosocial tendency. During the first half of 2020, 430 Hong Kong youths aged 15–35 (male: 30.5%; female: 69.5%) were recruited to participate an online cross-sectional survey. The survey included three scales: (1) The Scale for Measuring Adult’s Prosocialness, (2) Consideration of Future Consequence Scale, and (3) Meaning in Life Questionnaire.

Prevalence of mental health symptoms in children and adolescents during the COVID‐19 pandemic: a meta‐analysis

AUTHOR(S)
Jiawen Deng; Fangwen Zhou; Wenteng Hou (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
The COVID-19 pandemic and its accompanying infection control measures introduced sudden and significant disruptions to the lives of children and adolescents around the world. Given the potential for negative impacts on the mental health of youths as a result of these changes, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and sleep disturbances in children and adolescents during the pandemic. Major literature databases were searched for relevant cross-sectional or longitudinal studies that included primary and secondary school students or children and adolescents ≤18 years of age.
Association between smartphone overdependency and mental health in Korean adolescents during the COVID pandemic; age-and gender-matched study

AUTHOR(S)
Na-Hye Kim; Jae-Moo Lee; Seo-Hyung Yang (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Frontiers in Public Health

This study aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone dependency (SD) and mental health (MH) in adolescents in order to develop and implement plans pertaining to SD control. Raw data from the 16th Online Adolescent Health Behavior Survey in 2020 were analyzed. A total of 482 respondents were selected as study subjects based on their experience of smartphone overdependence (SO), specifically, 241 participants whose score for SO was 37 or higher (Group 2) and age- and gender-matched 241 participants whose score was lower than 10 (Group 1).

COVID-19 anxiety and quality of life among adolescent pregnant women: a cross-sectional study

AUTHOR(S)
Mohammad Saeed Jadgal; Hadi Alizadeh-Siuki; Nayyereh Kasiri (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health

This study aims to determine the relationship between the COVID-19 anxiety and the quality of life among adolescent pregnant women in Dashtiari city, Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 216 adolescent pregnant women in Dashtiari city, Iran in 2021 who met the inclusion criteria participated in a multi-stage sampling. Data collection tools included: demographic information, COVID-19 Anxiety Scale and a questionnaire of quality of life. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software version 21 using descriptive, Chi-square, Tukey and logistic regression tests.

The effect of school bullying on pupils' perceived stress and wellbeing during the Covid-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study

AUTHOR(S)
Elizabeth J. Kirkham; C. F. Huggins; C. Fawns-Ritchie

Published: December 2022   Journal: Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma
Establishing how the Covid-19 pandemic and related lockdowns have affected adolescent mental health is a key societal priority. Though numerous studies have examined this topic, few have focused on the wellbeing of pupils who experience school bullying. This is particularly important as pupils who experience bullying represent a vulnerable group at increased risk of mental illness. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the relationship between experience of bullying and adolescent wellbeing during lockdown and subsequent re-opening of schools. It used the TeenCovidLife dataset to examine the relationship between experience of bullying and pupils’ perceived stress and wellbeing across three timepoints. Pupils aged 12–17 (n = 255) completed surveys during the first Covid-19 lockdown (May-July 2020), when they returned to school after the first lockdown (August-October 2020), and during the summer term of 2021 (May-June 2021).
Prevalence of depression, anxiety during Covid-19 pandemic among adolescents of Bangalore North: a cross-sectional study

AUTHOR(S)
Neha ; Chandrashekar Janakiram; Yuvraj Banot Yenkanaik

Published: December 2022   Journal: International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Research Studies
Adolescence is a critical and formative period in which individuals begin their transition from childhood to adulthood and the presence of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety at this stage of life is a matter of concern. Half of all mental health conditions start at 14 years of age but most cases are undetected and untreated. To assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety among adolescents and to assess the factors associated with depression and anxiety among adolescents. Data were collected from a sample of 620 adolescents of ages 14 to 16 years studying through the multistage cluster sampling method.
Visualizing mental health through the lens of Pittsburgh youth: a collaborative filmmaking study during COVID-19

AUTHOR(S)
Sara E. Baumann; Brayden N. Kameg; Jessica G. Burke (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Health Promotion Practice
Youth mental health has been significantly impacted by COVID-19, with concerns of rising anxiety-related and depressive symptoms and reduced quality of life. This study provides a nuanced understanding of mental health stressors and supports in the lives of youth during the pandemic. Using Collaborative Filmmaking, an embodied, visual, and participatory research method, participants in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, were trained to create, analyze, and screen films about mental health. The films elucidated numerous stressors impacting youth mental health, including educational stressors (e.g., academic pressure and relationships with teachers), personal and social stressors (e.g., social and cultural expectations), and current events (e.g., the election and the political system). Supports included individual level supports (e.g., hobbies, self-care, spending time outdoors), and interpersonal level supports (e.g., family and socializing). Several themes were discussed as both stressors and supports, such as family, COVID-19, and social media.
Relationship between internet addiction, personality factors, and emotional distress among adolescents in Malaysia

AUTHOR(S)
Soh Chou Fu; Nicholas Tze Ping Pang; Walton Wider

Published: December 2022   Journal: Children
COVID-19 has significantly affected the mental health of adolescents, thus increasing the emotional distress among them. Studies have reported that heavy Internet use during COVID-19 was linked with poor mental health among adolescents. Additionally, it was found that personality factors are linked with mental health in general. Although past literature has reported the effect of personality factors on mental health, there are limited studies examining the underlying mechanisms among Malaysian adolescents. Therefore, the current study offers an understanding of the intervening role of personality factors in the relationship between Internet addiction and emotional distress among adolescents in Malaysia. This study also aimed to determine the prevalence of Internet addiction and emotional distress (depression, stress, and anxiety) among adolescents in Malaysia. There are a total of 500 participants from 7 secondary schools who range from 13 to 19 years of age. This was a cross-sectional study, and 3 valid questionnaires were used: The Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI). Partial least square structure equation modelling (SmartPLS) was used to analyse the mediation models.
Screen time and associated risks in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders during a discrete COVID-19 lockdown period

AUTHOR(S)
Mathilde Berard; Marianne Peries; Julie Loubersac (et al.)

Published: December 2022   Journal: Frontiers in Psychiatry

The COVID-19 pandemic may affect the screen time of children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). This study aimed to examine the screen time of children and adolescents with ASD during a discrete lockdown period in France and identify risk factors for excessive screen time. The study sample consisted of 249 ASD subjects, 3–17 years of age, enrolled in the ELENA cohort. Information about the screen time was collected using the COVID-19 questionnaire specially created for this study. The clinical, socio-demographic and familial characteristics were collected from the last ELENA follow-up visit.

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UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.

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