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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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436 - 450 of 1396
24-hour movement behaviours and COVID-19 among children in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: a repeat cross-sectional study

AUTHOR(S)
Yazeed A. Alanazi; Anne-Maree Parrish; Anthony D. Okely (et al.)

Published: May 2022   Journal: Sports Medicine and Health Science

This study investigated how children's 24-hour (24-h) movement behaviours were affected by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Previous research examined 24-h movement behaviours in Saudi Arabia seven months after the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. This repeat cross-sectional study examined changes in 24-h movement behaviours 12 months after the WHO declaration. The Time 2 survey repeated five months (1 March – 15 May 2021) after Time 1 survey (1 October – 11 November 2020). The survey was distributed to parents of children aged 6–12 years across Saudi Arabia via an online survey. Children were classified as meeting 24-h movement guidelines if they reported uninterrupted sleep for 9–11 h per night,  2 h of recreational sedentary screen time (RST) per day and  60 min of moderate-to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) per day. A total of 1 045 parents from all regions of Saudi Arabia responded (42.4%). Only 1.8% of children met all components of the guidelines, compared to 3.4% in Time 1. In the present study, girls spent more days per week in MVPA  60 min duration than boys (3.0 vs 2.6; p ¼ 0.025), while boys had spent more days per week engaged in activities that strengthened muscle and bone than  girls (3.0 vs 2.8; p ¼ 0.019). Healthy levels of physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep further declined in Saudi children five months after the Time 1 survey. These challenges require urgent intervention to ensure children's movement behaviours improve as Saudi Arabia moves out of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Fear of illness & virus evaluation (FIVE) COVID-19 scales for children-parent/caregiver-report development and validation

AUTHOR(S)
Estefany Sáez-Clarke; Jonathan S. Comer; Angela Evans (et al.)

Published: May 2022   Journal: Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Commonly-used youth anxiety measures may not comprehensively capture fears, worries, and experiences related to the pervasive impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study described the development of the Fear of Illness and Virus Evaluation (FIVE) scales and validated the caregiver-report version. After initial development, feedback was obtained from clinicians and researchers, who provided suggestions on item content/wording, reviewed edits, and provided support for the updated FIVE’s content and face validity. Factor structure, measurement invariance, and psychometric properties were analyzed using data from a multi-site, longitudinal study of COVID-19-related effects on family functioning with 1599 caregivers from the United States and Canada.

Maternal attitudes and intentions about the COVID-19 vaccine for children 5 to 11 years

AUTHOR(S)
Christine A. Limbers; Rachel Thompson

Published: May 2022   Journal: Journal of Pediatric Health Care

The current study assessed maternal attitudes and intention about the COVID-19 vaccine for children ages 5 to 11 years since the onset of the Delta variant and examined if the Delta variant changed maternal perceptions about COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 precautions for children. Participants were 821 mothers (mean age = 40.11 years; 84.3% White) from the United States who had at least one child ages 5 to 11 years old. They were recruited online and completed questionnaires on Qualtrics about their youngest child ages 5 to 11 years. The majority of mothers (n = 595; 72.6%) reported they were very likely to have their child vaccinated for COVID-19 once a vaccine is available for children. After controlling for maternal and child factors, maternal trust in the COVID-19 vaccine development and approval process (Odds Ratios = 35.07; p <0.001), trust in the child’s physician (Odds Ratios = 1.65; p <0.01), and trust in the local public health department (Odds Ratios = 1.87; p <0.05) were associated with maternal likelihood of having one’s child vaccinated for COVID-19.

Prevalence of respiratory viruses in community-acquired pneumonia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AUTHOR(S)
Mitchell T. G. Pratt; Tasnim Abdalla; Peter C. Richmond (et al.)

Published: May 2022   Journal: The Lancet. Child & adolescent health
Respiratory viruses are increasingly detected in children with community-acquired pneumonia but prevalence estimates vary substantially. This study aimed to systematically review and pool estimates for 22 viruses commonly associated with community-acquired pneumonia. It conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of each of the common respiratory viruses detected by any diagnostic method in children aged up to 18 years with community-acquired pneumonia. It searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases with no language restrictions for relevant published articles and reports published between Jan 1, 1995, and Dec 31, 2019, restricting the review to pre-COVID-19 pandemic years.
Parenting a child with a chronic illness during a pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Cara Gallegos; Michael D. Aldridge; Kelley Connor (et al.)

Published: May 2022   Journal: Journal of Pediatric Nursing

Nearly 20% of children in the United States experience one or more chronic health conditions. Parents of a child with a special healthcare need (CSHCN) experience increased stress caring for a child with chronic illness. The purpose of this descriptive study is to describe stress in parents of a child with chronic illness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Parents of CSHCN (n = 34) were asked to fill out the Pediatric Inventory for Parents (PIP) and answer two questions related to caring for their child during the COVID-19 pandemic.

On race and ethnicity during a global pandemic: An ‘imperfect mosaic’ of maternal and child health services in ethnically-diverse South London, United Kingdom

AUTHOR(S)
Sergio A. Silverio; Kaat De Backer; Tisha Dasgupta (et al.)

Published: May 2022   Journal: eClinicalMedicine

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has brought racial and ethnic inequity into sharp focus, as Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic people were reported to have greater clinical vulnerability. During the pandemic, priority was given to ongoing, reconfigured maternity and children’s healthcare. This study aimed to understand the intersection between race and ethnicity, and healthcare provision amongst maternity and children’s healthcare professionals, during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods A qualitative study consisting of semi-structured interviews (N = 53) was undertaken with maternity (n = 29; August-November 2020) and children’s (n = 24; June-July 2021) healthcare professionals from an NHS Trust in ethnically-diverse South London, UK. Data pertinent to ethnicity and race were subject to Grounded Theory Analysis, whereby data was subjected to iterative coding and interpretive analysis. Using this methodology, data are compared between transcripts to generate lower and higher order codes, before super-categories are formed, which are finally worked into themes. The inter-relationship between these themes is interpreted as a final theory.

Impact of lockdown due to COVID-19 on nutrition and food security of the selected low-income households in Bangladesh

AUTHOR(S)
Kazi Muhammad Rezaul Karim; Tasmia Tasnimb

Published: May 2022   Journal: Heliyon
This study aims to explore the impact of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on household food security and the nutritional status of the children and identify the risk factors associated with it. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 220 households having at least one under 5 children of Narayanganj district in Bangladesh. Household food insecurity, coping strategies and nutritional status of children were the main outcome variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the significant determinants
Associations of mothers’ and fathers’ structure-related food parenting practices and child food approach eating behaviors during the COVID pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Elena Jansen; Kimberly Smith; Gita Thapaliya (et al.)

Published: May 2022   Journal: Physiology & behavior

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many mothers and fathers have spent more time at home with their children, warranting consideration of parenting practices around food during the pandemic as influences on obesogenic eating behaviors among children. Structure-related feeding practices, particularly around snacking, may be particularly challenging yet influential in the pandemic setting. Parent sex and levels of feeding-related co-operation among parents (co-feeding) are understudied potential influences on parent-child feeding relationships. This study investigated relationships between structure-related parent feeding and child food approach behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, while considering potential moderating influences of parent sex and co-feeding levels. An online survey was completed by 318 parents (206 mothers and 112 fathers) of 2-12-year-olds who were living in states with statewide or regional lockdowns in May/June 2020 within the US.

A study of clinical profile and outcome of COVID-19 in children

AUTHOR(S)
M. V. Nagaraj; Chikkanna Somashekhar; Raj Muniraju Geetha Nithin (et al.)

Published: May 2022   Journal: International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics

 COVID-19 has become a major public health crisis around the world. This study aimed at identifying the different clinical presentations of children who were tested positive for SARS-COV-2. Descriptive and prospective study of the children who were seen over the fever clinic and were admitted to the Sapthagiri institute of medical science and research centre over a period of 4 months from November 2021 to February 2022. Among the 251 children admitted to the hospital majority of them were males 52.5% and the age group of 1-5 years were highest affected 46.2%. The most common symptoms noted were fever 60.5%, followed by pain abdomen 45.8%, vomiting 43.8%, running nose 39%, cough 38%, diarrhoea 30.6%, decreased appetite 26.7% and the least common symptom was skin rash 0.3%. Children with comorbidites had higher risk of ICU admission. No deaths were noted during the study period.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 9 | Issue: 5 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19, health services, hospitalization, infectious disease, pandemic | Countries: India
Movement behaviours and health of children and youth with disabilities: impact of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Kelly P. Arbour-Nicitopoulos; Maeghan E. James; Sarah A. Moore (et al.)

Published: May 2022   Journal: Paediatrics & Child Health

This study examined the acute and longer-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the movement behaviours and health of children and youth with disabilities (CYD) in Canada. Eighty-six parents of CYD completed an online survey twice (May 2020 and November 2020). Interviews were completed with seven families in March 2021.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 27 | Issue: Supplement 1 | No. of pages: 66-71 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: adolescent health, care of disabled children, child health, COVID-19 response, disabled children, lockdown, social distance | Countries: Canada
Interventions to promote physical activity and healthy digital media use in children and adolescents: a systematic review

AUTHOR(S)
Christina Oh; Bianca Carducci; Tyler Vaivada (et al.)

Published: May 2022   Journal: Pediatrics

This study aims to identify effective interventions that promote healthy screen time use and reduce sedentary behavior in school-aged children and adolescents (SACA) in all settings, over the last 20 years. Searches were conducted from 2000 until March 2021 using PubMed, Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Ovid SP, The Cochrane Library, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Methodology Register, and the WHO regional databases, including Google Scholar and reference lists of relevant articles and reviews. Randomized-controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies assessing interventions to reduce sedentary behaviors and screen time in healthy SACA (aged 5-19.9 years) globally. Data were extracted by 2 reviewers and where possible, pooled with a random-effects model.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 149 | Issue: SUPPLEMENT 6 | No. of pages: 20 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: adolescent health, behavioural change, child health, COVID-19 response, lockdown, physical activity, social distance
The COVID-19 pandemic: health impact on unaccompanied migrant children.

AUTHOR(S)
Jennifer L Siegel

Published: May 2022   Journal: Social Work
From the point of apprehension by U.S. Customs and Border Protection at the U.S.–Mexican border to their reunification with sponsors in U.S. communities, unaccompanied children (UC) face political, social, and economic conditions, heightening their risk for mental and physical health burdens that may be exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Such risk underscores the importance of social work practice and advocacy for the improved treatment and experiences of UC. This article uses a structural vulnerability conceptual lens to summarize the existing literature regarding UC and argues that UC’s liminal immigration status, economic precarity, and lack of healthcare access place this group at high structural vulnerability during the pandemic. Further, this article identifies and describes three contexts of structural vulnerability of UC that are important points of social work intervention: (1) at the border, where migrant children are denied their legal right to seek protection; (2) in detention and shelter facilities; and (3) during reunification with sponsors. This article concludes with important practice and policy opportunities for social workers to pursue to obtain social justice for an important and highly vulnerable migrant child population.
Understanding the behavioural and social drivers of vaccine uptake WHO position paper – May 2022
Institution: World Health Organisation
Published: May 2022

This is the first position paper to be published by WHO on the behavioural and social drivers (BeSD) of vaccine uptake. It summarizes the development of new tools and indicators to assess the BeSD of vaccine uptake for childhood and COVID-19 vaccination, enabling decision-makers on immunization policy, programme managers, and partners to address under-vaccination through an enhanced understanding of the underlying causes. This paper also reports the main findings of a scoping review that examined existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses on interventions to improve vaccine uptake – a first step towards understanding which interventions work to increase vaccine uptake, for whom, and in what settings. Finally, this paper makes recommendations for using the new tools and the resulting data to prioritize local interventions, and concludes with future research directions.


Health information and education needs for youth with complex communication needs during the Covid-19 pandemic: rehabilitation professionals’ perspectives

AUTHOR(S)
Kerstin Monika Tönsing; Shakila Dada; Kirsty Bastable (et al.)

Published: May 2022   Journal: Disability and Rehabilitation

The worldwide Covid-19 pandemic has highlighted inequities faced by persons with complex communication needs (CCN) in accessing health information and education. This study reports on the perspectives of South African rehabilitation professionals regarding access to health information and education for youth with CCN. Two asynchronous online written focus groups were conducted with 15 rehabilitation professionals. Participants’ contributions were thematically analysed.

Unmet needs of children with inherited metabolic disorders in the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Ezgi Özalp Akın; Fatma Tuba Eminoğlu; Neslihan Doğulu (et al.)

Published: April 2022   Journal: Turkish Archives of Pediatrics
Crucial information is lacking on unmet needs of children with rare inherited metabolic disorders during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic from low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the unmet needs of children with rare inherited metabolic disorders from Turkey. In a cross-sectional observational design, all children with rare inherited metabolic disorders aged 0-18 years followed at Ankara University School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics Pediatric Metabolism Division were recruited and interviewed via phone calls. The Expanded Guide for Monitoring Child Development enabled assessment of unmet needs and environmental context during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Step-wise logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent factors associated with unmet needs.
436 - 450 of 1396

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