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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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31 - 45 of 360
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the practice of pediatric dentistry in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional survey

AUTHOR(S)
Hisham Yehia El Batawi; Zain Sawalha; Mai Almomani

Published: November 2022   Journal: Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 epidemic circumstances on the practice of pediatric dentistry in the United Arab Emirates. An online questionnaire was distributed among members of Emirates Club of Pediatric Dentistry. The questionnaire was divided into three sections: (1) dentists’ demographic characteristics, (2) general knowledge and attitude toward COVID-19, (3) practice of pediatric dentistry during COVID-19 pandemic.

A systematic review of acute and emergency care interventions for adolescents and adults with severe acute respiratory infections including COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries

AUTHOR(S)
Stephanie Chow Garbern; Pryanka Relan; Gerard M. O’Reilly (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Journal of Global Health

Severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) remain a leading cause of death globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Early intervention is critical, considering the potential for rapid decompensation in patients with SARIs. We aimed to evaluate the impact of acute and emergency care interventions on improving clinical outcomes in patients >10 years old with SARIs in LMICs. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Global Health, and Global Index Medicus databases to identify peer-reviewed studies containing SARI, LMICs, and emergency care interventions. Studies published prior to November 2020 focusing on patients >10 years old were included. A narrative synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of identified articles. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 and Risk of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions tools.

Clinical and epidemiological presentation of COVID-19 among children in conflict setting

AUTHOR(S)
Maureen Dar Iang; Ola El Hajj Hassan; Maureen McGowan (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Children
This study aims to describe the observable symptoms of children with COVID-19 infection and analyze access to real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing among children seeking care in Yemen. In the period of March 2020–February 2022, data were obtained from 495 children suspected to have been infected with COVID-19 (from a larger register of 5634 patients) from the Diseases Surveillance and Infection Control Department at the Ministry of Public Health and Population in Aden, Yemen.
Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 9 | No. of pages: 11 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19, disease transmission, health services, infectious disease, pandemic | Countries: Yemen
Family satisfaction with ICU communication during the COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective multi-centre Australian study

AUTHOR(S)
Mallikarjuna Reddy Ponnapa Reddy; Umesh Kadam; John Dong Young Lee (et al.)

Published: November 2022   Journal: Internal Medicine Journal

Virtual communication has become common practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic because of visitation restrictions. The authors aimed to evaluate overall family satisfaction with the intensive care unit (FS-ICU) care involving virtual communication strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic period. In this prospective multicentre study involving three metropolitan hospitals in Melbourne, Australia, the next of kin (NOK) of all eligible ICU patients between 1 July 2020 and 31 October 2020 were requested to complete an adapted version of the FS-ICU 24-questionnaire. Group comparisons were analysed and calculated for family satisfaction scores: ICU/care (satisfaction with care), FS-ICU/dm (satisfaction with information/decision-making) and FS-ICU/total (overall satisfaction with the ICU). The essential predictors that influence family satisfaction were identified using quantitative and qualitative analyses.

The World Bank’s early support to addressing Coronavirus (COVID-19) health and social response: an early-stage evaluation
Institution: The World Bank
Published: November 2022
This evaluation assesses the quality of the World Bank’s early response to the COVID-19 crisis and the initial steps toward recovery, focusing on the health and social response. It concentrates on the relief stage and support to restructure systems in the first 15 months of the pandemic (February 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021) in 106 countries. A parallel Independent Evaluation Group evaluation looks at the World Bank Group support to address the economic implications of the pandemic. To assess the quality of the response, the evaluation is guided by a theory of action that synthesizes evidence in three dimensions: relevance of support to the needs of countries; implementation, learning, and adjustment; and operational policy and partnerships to support smooth responses in countries. As the response is ongoing, the evaluation does not assess effectiveness but considers early results and pathways that are expected to lead to outcomes.
The impact of parents' fears of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on children's visits to pediatric dental offices in Iran

AUTHOR(S)
Shirin Taravati; Mahsa Farokhnia

Published: October 2022   Journal: Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

This study aimed to investigate the effect of parents’ fears of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on pediatric dental visits. In this cross-sectional study, conducted from July 2020 to August 2020, 500 parents of children who had visited pediatric dental offices were randomly selected. Parents were given a questionnaire containing 33 questions, which included three parts: (1) demographic characteristics, (2) dental problems scale, and (3) fear of SARS-CoV-2 scale. Based on the collected responses, the relationships between demographic factors, children’s dental problems, and parents’ fear of SARS-CoV-2 were evaluated.

Establishing communities of practice to improve health policy, systems and reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health in West Africa

AUTHOR(S)
Nana Efua E. Afun; Grace E. Aye; Linda L. Yevoo (et al.)

Published: October 2022   Journal: Ghana Medical Journal
This study aimed to explore and analyse factors that facilitate and inhibit the initiation and functioning of a national and transnational Community of Practice (CoP) for health policy and systems (HPS) and Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCAH) in West Africa and to identify lessons for CoP interventions in similar multilingual low and middle-income contexts. A case study, with the case defined as processes, enablers and barriers to the initiation and functioning of a national and transnational CoP for HSP and RMNCAH in West Africa and drawing on a review and analysis of secondary data from the program, workshop, country team and project reports, and training sessions.
The effectivenessof video dental healtheducation special needs children on the oral hygiene status

AUTHOR(S)
Renie Kumala Dewi; Anugrah Qotrunnada Hakim; Beta Widya Oktiani (et al.)

Published: October 2022   Journal: Dentino jurnal kedokteran gigi

The clinical oral cavity characteristics of children with intellectual disabilities include a high prevalence of periodontal disease and dental caries. South Kalimantan is a wetland or marsh that contains acidic water with a pH of 3.5-4.5. The acidic condition causes tooth demineralization, which can lead to caries. Oral health education through special needs children dental health education (DHE) interactive video is needed. Analysing the effectiveness of dental health education (DHE) video media for special needs children living in wetlands during the Covid-19 pandemic on the oral hygiene status of children with intellectual disabilities.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 7 | Issue: 2 | No. of pages: 6 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19 response, health services, hygiene, lockdown, mentally disabled children, social distance | Countries: Indonesia
Stay-at-home myopia among school children during the COVID-19 pandemic

AUTHOR(S)
Moataz A. Sallam; Mohammed A. Mohammed; Mohamed M. Karrar (et al.)

Published: October 2022   Journal: Medical hypothesis, discovery & innovation in optometry

Uncorrected myopia represents a major cause of visual disability in children, especially in low-

income and middle-income countries. However, there is still debate about the effect of e-learning and “stay-at-home” guidelines on the refractive status of school children, especially in the absence of long-term follow-up data. This study aimed to assess the impact of stay-at-home enforcement during the COVID-19 pandemic on myopia progression in students in the Suez Canal Area, Egypt. This longitudinal observational study included 1650 students. All students aged 8–15 years with visual complaints, who had attended routine annual vision checks since 2018, were enrolled and assessed  annually for myopia progression until 2021. Cycloplegic and noncycloplegic refraction, axial length (AL), corneal curvature, and uncorrected and best-corrected distance visual acuity were measured. The participants were administered a questionnaire that focused mainly on collecting information on their visual habits

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 3 | Issue: 1 | No. of pages: 7 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19 response, health services, lockdown, social distance | Countries: Egypt
Clinical course of COVID-19 in hospitalized children of Ukraine in different pandemic periods

AUTHOR(S)
Iryna Seriakova; Vitalii Yevtushenko; Sergiy Kramarov (et al.)

Published: October 2022   Journal: European Clinical Respiratory Journal

The coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic has seen a progressive increase in childhood morbidity worldwide. Continuous mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus causes the wave-like course of the COVID-19 pandemic, which is characterized by an undulating course and the predominance of different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. There are many reports that the clinical picture may vary depending on the circulating strain of the virus [7–11, 13–16]. Based on this, we decided to analyze and evaluate the presence of a pattern between the clinical and epidemic COVID-19 characteristics and the strain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus prevailing locally. To study the effects of various strains of SARS-CoV-2 on the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pediatric patients; to determine the regularity between the severity of the disease and the circulating strain of SARS-CoV-2.

Cite this research | Open access | Vol.: 9 | Issue: 1 | No. of pages: 10 | Language: English | Topics: Health | Tags: child health, COVID-19 response, health services, hospitalization, lockdown, social distance
Confirming—and testing—bonds of trust: A mixed methods study exploring community health workers’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh, Haiti and Kenya

AUTHOR(S)
Pooja Sripad; Ann Gottert; Timothy Abuya (et al.)

Published: October 2022   Journal: Plos Global Public Health
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic and national responses, trust (one’s belief that a system acts in one’s best interest) is important to consider. In community health systems, trust is embedded in relationships between clients, CHWs, and health system stakeholders. This mixed-methods study explores trust through the evolving COVID-19 crisis in Bangladesh, Haiti, and Kenya, where multi-country community health research was underway. It investigates the extent and ways trust between communities, community health workers (CHWs), and health system actors shift, including its relation to community fear and hostility, through self-reported positive and negative experiences of CHWs and policy/program stakeholders on a phone-based survey with 2,025 CHWs and 72 key informant interviews, including CHWs, in late 2020.
The Pandemic fund: a blueprint for success
Institution: Save the Children
Published: October 2022

Over the past three years, children have suffered immensely from the health and socioeconomic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic which threatened their rights to survive, thrive, learn and be protected. Many health systems were unable to respond adequately to the increased demand for health care due to the pandemic, nor could they maintain routine health services. With limited health financing, it is critical that we maximise the impact of the investments in the Pandemic Fund. The new fund must focus on the areas which both; strengthen primary health care to boost resilience for health shocks and build core preparedness capacities. By doing so we will make gains in child survival and improve health outcomes for all women, children and adolescents. It is therefore essential that interventions must be equitable, inclusive, integrated and that all stakeholders play an equal part in their design.

Protect the promise: 2022 progress report on the Every woman every child global strategy for women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health (2016–2030)
Institution: World Health Organisation, *UNICEF
Published: October 2022

The 2022 Global Strategy progress report provides an assessment of the situation of women’s, children’s and adolescent’s health in this third year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Section 1 presents abundant evidence showing that inequities persist despite great progress in reducing maternal and child mortality in the two decades leading up to the pandemic. A child’s life trajectory and rights to health, education, opportunities and safety are still largely determined by where that child is born. Data showing stagnation or drops in coverage of lifesaving interventions similarly serve as a reminder of the need to be more vigilant about bridging gaps and placing women, children and adolescents at the centre of development efforts. It also showcases key drivers of women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health and well-being. It emphasizes that women’s empowerment and adolescent participation are pivotal to achieving the 2030 Agenda yet notes that there is a long way to go in reducing gender inequality and increasing young people’s meaningful opportunities to actively engage in community and civic life. Also stressed is the importance of addressing the complex factors underpinning today’s unacceptable levels of malnutrition and developing effective strategies to reach women, children and adolescents affected by conflict, forced migration, poverty and climate change impacts. Section 2 takes stock of the direct and indirect effects of COVID-19 on women, children and adolescents. Although children and adolescents are less likely to experience severe health consequences from SARS-COV-2 infection compared with adults, multiple years of education, health, nutrition and social service disruptions have impacted and will continue to impact their lives.

Caregiver and clinician experience with virtual services for children and youth with complex needs during COVID-19

AUTHOR(S)
Laura Theall; Kim Arbeau; Ajit Ninan (et al.)

Published: October 2022   Journal: Journal of Pediatric Health Care
During the COVID-19 pandemic, support services for children and youth quickly shifted to virtual means. To continue delivering essential, trauma-informed, specialized services, the center transitioned to providing most services by phone/video conference. A quality improvement project using survey methods was conducted to determine if virtual delivery was timely and satisfactory for inpatient and outpatient care.
Examining the relationship between discrimination, access to material resources, and black children's behavioral functioning during COVID-19

AUTHOR(S)
Nneka Ibekwe-Okafor; Jacqueline Sims; Sihong Liu (et al.)

Published: October 2022   Journal: Early Childhood Research Quarterly
Systemic racism and discriminatory practices continue to disproportionally expose Black children and families to less than optimal health and economic resources. COVID-19 sheds existing light on how longstanding systemic inequalities affecting Black children and families create racial disparities in accessing material resources. The purpose of this study (N = 704 Black caregivers) is to better understand the relationship between experiences of racial discrimination, access to material resources (i.e., health-promoting resources and economic resources), and Black children's behavioral functioning during the pandemic. Through the application of ordinary least squares regression analysis, we find that inadequate material resources (both health-related risks and economic hardship) during the pandemic were associated with heightened caregiver report that their child was frequently fussy or defiant (externalizing) and frequently anxious or fearful (internalizing).
31 - 45 of 360

UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.

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COVID-19 & Children: Rapid Research Response

UNICEF Innocenti is mobilizing a rapid research response in line with UNICEF’s global response to the COVID-19 crisis. The initiatives we’ve begun will provide the broad range of evidence needed to inform our work to scale up rapid assessment, develop urgent mitigating strategies in programming and advocacy, and preparation of interventions to respond to the medium and longer-term consequences of the COVID-19 crisis. The research projects cover a rapid review of evidence, education analysis, and social and economic policies.