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Children and COVID-19 Research Library

UNICEF Innocenti's curated library of COVID-19 + Children research

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2731 - 2745 of 6640
Emerging mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic among presumably resilient youth -a 9-month follow-up

AUTHOR(S)
Stine Lehmann; Jens Christoffer Skogen; Gro M. Sandal (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: BMC Psychiatry

The COVID-19 pandemic may have multifarious adverse effects on the mental health of some youth. To our knowledge, no study has followed young people beyond the first 6 months of the pandemic outbreak. The aim of this study was to examine 1) Change in internalizing, externalizing, and total mental health problems over two time-points with a nine-month interval during the COVID-19 outbreak and 2) Whether contextual and COVID-19-related factors contribute to change in mental health problems. Youth within the municipality of Bergen aged 11-19 years were invited via SMS to participate in an online survey in April and again in December 2020. A total of 2997 (40% response rate) youth participated at baseline in the present study, and 1598 (53.3%) completed the second survey. At baseline, the mean age was 16.0 (standard deviations 1.7) years, about 60% were girls, and 93% were born in Norway. Comparison across time was approached using inferential statistics and mixed linear models with maximum likelihood estimation and mixed-effects logistic regression models.

COVID-19 and the impacts on youth mental health: emerging evidence from longitudinal studies

AUTHOR(S)
Nicholas Chadi; Natalie Castellanos Ryan; Marie-Claude Geoffroy

Published: January 2022   Journal: Canadian Journal of Public Health volume
Several experts have warned that the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated confinement measures may have taken a devastating toll on youth mental health. While the COVID-19 pandemic has certainly created important challenges for children and youth, these claims vastly rely on cross-sectional data collected during the pandemic, from which it is difficult to draw firm conclusions. This commentary offers a critical appraisal of the evidence from emerging longitudinal studies spanning the pre- and intra-pandemic period with a focus on internalizing and externalizing disorders, suicidality, eating disorders and substance use. It also discusses important research considerations in the monitoring of the long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth mental health as well as promising interventions to help mitigate potential long-lasting consequences of this unprecedented public health crisis.
The impact of the COVID-19 recession on Mexican households: evidence from employment and time use for men, women, and children

AUTHOR(S)
Lauren Hoehn-Velasco; Adan Silverio-Murillo; José Roberto Balmori de la Miyar (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: Review of Economics of the Household
This study examines changes in labor supply, income, and time allocation during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. Using an event-study design, it shows that the COVID-19 recession had severe negative consequences for Mexican households. In the first month of the pandemic, employment declined by 17 percentage points. Men recovered their employment faster than women, where men’s employment approaches original levels by 2021Q2. Women, on the other hand, experienced persistent employment losses. Within-household, men also increased their time spent on household chores while neither gender (persistently) increased their time caring for others. Instead, children reduced their time spent on schoolwork by 25%.
Beyond influenza vaccination: expanding infrastructure for hospital-based pediatric COVID-19 vaccine delivery

AUTHOR(S)
Annika M. Hofstetter; Suchitra Rao; Ravi Jhaveri

Published: January 2022   Journal: Clinical Therapeutics
Controlling the spread of COVID-19 will rely on increasing vaccination rates in an equitable manner. The main reasons for under-vaccination are varied among different segments of the population and include vaccine hesitancy and lack of access. While vaccine hesitancy is a complicated problem that requires long-term solutions, enhancing access can be achieved through evidenced-based delivery strategies that augment traditional approaches. Hospital-based COVID-19 vaccination programs hold particular promise for reaching populations with decreased vaccine access and those at higher risk for adverse outcomes from COVID-19 infection. Hospitals have the necessary equipment and storage capabilities to maintain cold chain requirements, a common challenge in the primary care setting, and can serve as a central distribution point for delivering vaccines to patients in diverse hospital locations, including inpatient units, emergency departments, urgent care centers, perioperative areas, and subspecialty clinics. They also have the capacity for mass vaccination programs and other targeted outreach efforts. Hospital-based vaccination programs can leverage existing infrastructure such as electronic health record tools that have been successful approaches for influenza and other routine vaccinations. With the possibility of COVID-19 becoming endemic, much like seasonal influenza, these programs will require flexibility as well as planning for long-term sustainability. The goal of this review is to highlight existing vaccine delivery to children in hospital-based settings, including key advantages and important challenges, and outline how these systems could be expanded to include COVID-19 vaccine delivery.
Changes in children’s self-perceived physical fitness: results from a physical education internet-based intervention in COVID-19 school lockdown

AUTHOR(S)
Vanilson Batista Lemes; Camila Felin Fochesatto; Caroline Brand (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: Sport Sciences for Health

Children have a higher chance of decreasing health-related physical fitness during periods of school lockdown due to pandemic situations such as with COVID-19 disease. This paper aims to establish the changes in children’s self-perceived physical fitness (SPPF) during pandemic COVID-19 social distancing in a school lockdown and to describe the individual prevalence of changes in SPPF according to sex. It is an intervention study with a convenient sample, 67 children (6–13 years old; 50.7% girls). An intervention occurred according to the Brazilian Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) and the State Education Secretary orientations for remote Physical Education classes. SPPF was evaluated through a questionnaire (QAPA). Generalized estimative equations (GEE) and the prevalence of changes in individual score delta (Δ) from baseline to follow-up determined the effects.

Large gaps in the quality of healthcare experienced by Swedish mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study based on WHO standards

AUTHOR(S)
Mehreen Zaigham; Karolina Linden; Verena Sengpie (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: Women and Birth

To describe the quality of care during pregnancy and childbirth, as reported by the women themselves, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden, using the WHO ‘Standards for improving quality of maternal and newborn care in health facilities’. Using an anonymous, online questionnaire, women ≥18 years were invited to participate if they had given birth in Sweden from March 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021. The quality of maternal and newborn care was measured using 40 questions across four domains: provision of care, experience of care, availability of human/physical resources, and organisational changes due to COVID-19.

COVID-19 and pregnancy

AUTHOR(S)
Sonja A. Rasmussen; Denise J. Jamieson

Published: January 2022   Journal: Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019, the virus and the response to it have had catastrophic effects on the world’s health, societies, and economies. Early on, data on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the pregnant person and fetus were limited. Data on the effects during pregnancy of previous coronaviruses (severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS] and Middle East respiratory syndrome [MERS]) are sparse, but those data along with information on other respiratory infections such as influenza raised concerns about the potential effects of COVID-19 during pregnancy.This study reviews available information on the effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and on the effectiveness and safety of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in protecting pregnant persons and their newborns from COVID-19.
Association between breastfeeding and complementary feeding in pre-pandemic and pandemic COVID-19 times: maternar cohort study

AUTHOR(S)
Bruna Luiza Holanda; Clarissa de Oliveira Agostini; Marcela Caridad Medina Pacheco (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: Jornal de Pediatria

This study aims to evaluate the association between breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding at six months and the introduction of complementary feeding and the pre-pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic periods. Cohort study conducted with puerperal women and their newborns in the immediate postpartum period at a reference maternity hospital in Southern Brazil between 2018-2020. The COVID-19 pandemic period and the need to work outside the home during restricted circulation were the factors of exposure. The outcome evaluated was the weaning in the first six months (breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding) and the introduction of complementary feeding before the sixth month of life.

Parents’ willingness to vaccinate their children with COVID-19 vaccine: results of a survey in Italy

AUTHOR(S)
Gabriella Di Giuseppe; Concetta Paola Pelullo; Andrea Salvatore Volgare (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: Journal of Adolescent Health

This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the parents’ willingness to vaccinate their children with COVID-19 vaccine and related determinants with specific attention to willingness for adolescents as compared to younger children. Data were collected through a confidential online questionnaire.

Experiences of siblings of children with congenital heart disease during Coronavirus disease 2019; a qualitative interview study

AUTHOR(S)
Elizabeth Bichard; Stephen McKeever; Suzanne Bench (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: Journal of Pediatric Nursing

This study aimed to explore siblings' perceptions of having a brother or sister with congenital heart disease in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic. Siblings of children with congenital heart disease aged 8–17 years old were interviewed via video call technology between September 2020 and February 2021.  A reflexive thematic analysis of these interviews to generate themes was conducted.

Distress, anxiety, and its correlates among caregivers of children with kidney diseases during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown

AUTHOR(S)
Rajni Sharma; Bikramjit Singh Jafra; Karalanglin Tiewsoh (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: Archives de Pédiatrie

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a significant amount of psychological burden in the form of stress, anxiety, uncertainty, depression, anger, and helplessness. The caregivers of children with chronic diseases in particular are at a higher risk of mental stress and burden. This online survey among caregivers of children with kidney diseases was conducted to assess the psychosocial impact of COVID-19. The psychosocial impact of COVID-19 pandemic on their mental health was assessed through standardized psychological scales (Peritraumatic Distress Inventory, Insomnia Severity Scale [ISI], Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale [DASS], and Positive and Negative Aspect Scale) and a semi-structured interview was conducted telephonically.

The psychological effects of COVID-19-related containment in children: the E-COCCON French study

AUTHOR(S)
I. Claudet; C. Marchand-Tonel; M. Kelly-Irving (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: Archives de Pédiatrie

The main objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of PTS symptoms within 6 weeks of the end of lockdown, in children. This was a French prospective cross-sectional study between May 15 and July 2, 2020 conducted via telephone survey. Parents of children aged between 8 and 15 years were eligible. The invitation to participate was proposed through social networks (Instagram and Facebook), various local and national media, and by e-mail to the staff of our University Hospital Center. The PTS symptoms were assessed using the CRIES-13. A score of 30 and over has been confirmed as the cut-off for screening cases.

Exploring the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the children and families cared for by pediatric-focused advanced practice registered nurses

AUTHOR(S)
Daniel Crawford; Susan Van Cleve; Ann Marie McCarthy (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: Journal of Pediatric Health Care

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected children and families. The purpose of this study is to better understand the perceptions of pediatric-focused Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (P-APRNs) on the impact of COVID-19 on patients and practice. A 25-item electronic survey including a mixture of Likert scales, multiple choice and open-ended questions was sent via email to NAPNAP listserv.

“I don’t want my son to be part of a giant experiment”: public attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines in children

AUTHOR(S)
Simon N. Williams

Published: January 2022   Journal: Public Health

This qualitative study explored public attitudes to COVID-19 vaccines in children, including reasons for support or opposition to them. Qualitative study using online focus groups and interviews. Group and individual online interviews were conducted with a diverse sample of 24 adults in the United Kingdom to explore their views on the issue of COVID-19 vaccination in children. Data were analysed using a framework approach.

“Together in a pressure cooker”: parenting children with disabilities during the COVID-19 lockdown

AUTHOR(S)
Hochman Yael; Shpigelman Carmit-Noa; Holler Roni (et al.)

Published: January 2022   Journal: Disability and Health Journal

COVID-19 has had a disproportionate and unprecedented impact on children with disabilities, their parents and families. This impact has been particularly evident during periods of lockdowns and severe restrictions. This study employed the social model of disability to illuminate negative and positive experiences of Israeli parents of children with disabilities during the first COVID-19 lockdown, as well as the way social environments, particularly educational and welfare services, shape that experience. The study draws upon thematic analysis of written responses of 80 Israeli parents to open-ended questions.

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UNICEF Innocenti's Children and COVID-19 Library is a database collecting research from around the world on COVID-19 and its impacts on children and adolescents.

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COVID-19 & Children: Rapid Research Response

UNICEF Innocenti is mobilizing a rapid research response in line with UNICEF’s global response to the COVID-19 crisis. The initiatives we’ve begun will provide the broad range of evidence needed to inform our work to scale up rapid assessment, develop urgent mitigating strategies in programming and advocacy, and preparation of interventions to respond to the medium and longer-term consequences of the COVID-19 crisis. The research projects cover a rapid review of evidence, education analysis, and social and economic policies.