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AUTHOR(S) Anna Gromada, Gwyther Rees, Yekaterina Chzhen
AUTHOR(S) Yekaterina Chzhen, Irene Moor, William Pickett, Emilia Toczydlowska, Gonneke W J M Stevens
AUTHOR(S) Jose Cuesta, E. Skoufias, L. Madrigal
AUTHOR(S) Jose Cuesta, Mario Negre, Ana Revenga, Maika Schmidt
AUTHOR(S) C. M. Shah, A. M. Griffith, J. Ciera, E. M. Zulu, Tia Palermo
To examine trends in equity in contraceptive use, and in contraceptive-prevalence rates in six East African countries.
In this repeated cross-sectional study, Demographic and Health Surveys Program data from women aged 15–49 years in Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda between 2000 and 2010 were analyzed. Individuals were ranked according to wealth quintile, stratified urban/rural populations, and calculated concentration index–a statistic integrating information from all wealth quintiles to analyze disparities.
Equity and contraceptive-prevalence rates increased in most country regions over the study period. Notably, in rural Rwanda, contraceptive-prevalence rates increased from 3.9 to 44.0, and urban Kenya became the most equitable country region, with a concentration index of 0.02. The Pearson correlation coefficient between improvements in concentration index and contraceptive-prevalence rates was 0.52 (P = 0.011).
The results indicate that countries seeking to increase contraceptive use should prioritize equity in access to services and contraceptives.