Innocenti Research Briefs Ujana Salama: Mradi wa nyongeza ya fedha (cash plus) unaohusu ustawi na mabadiliko salama kwa vijana - Matokeo ya tatihimini ya kati Published: 2021 Innocenti Research Briefs Mradi huu wa majaribio wa ‘Cash Plus’ unaohusu Ustawi na Mabadiliko Salama na Yenye Afya kwa Vijana nchini Tanzania, kwa ufupi “Ujana Salama”, unalenga kuimarisha maisha ya vijana wa vijijini. Vijana hawa wa umri wa balehe wanatoka katika kaya maskini na wanakabiliwa na hatari nyingi za kiafya na kiuchumi. Mradi huu unatekelezwa na Mfuko wa Maendeleo ya Jamii Tanzania (Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF)) na kuendeshwa kupitia Mpango wa Kunusuru Kaya Maskini (Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN)). Mpango huo unawalenga vijana wa umri wa balehe katika kaya zinazonufaika na Mpango wa Kunusuru Kaya Maskini (ruzuku inayojumuisha uhawilishaji pesa, Ujenzi au ukarabati wa miundombinu na kuimarisha njia za kujiingizia kipato katika kaya). Msaada wa kiufundi unatolewa na UNICEF Tanzania na Tume ya Kudhibiti UKIMWI Tanzania (TACAIDS). + - Cite this publication | Tags: adolescents, cash transfers, social protection × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION 2021 Ujana Salama: Mradi wa nyongeza ya fedha (cash plus) unaohusu ustawi na mabadiliko salama kwa vijana - Matokeo ya tatihimini ya kati.
Innocenti Research Briefs Ujana Salama: Mpango wa nyongeza ya fedha (cash plus) unaohusu ustawi na mabadiliko salama kwa vijana - Matokeo ya mzunguko wa3 tathimini Published: 2021 Innocenti Research Briefs Mradi wa nyongeza ya fedha “Cash plus’ wa majaribio unaohusu Ustawi na Mabadiliko Salama kwa Vijana unaotekelezwa Tanzania, kwa kifupi “Ujana Salama”, unalenga kuimarisha maisha ya vijana wa vijijini. Vijana hawa kutoka kaya maskini wanakabiliwa na changamoto nyingi za kiafya na kiuchumi, zikiwemo kukatisha masomo shuleni, mimba za utotoni, maradhi yaambukizwayo kwa njia ya ngono, ukatili, unyanyasaji na unyonyaji. + - Cite this publication | Tags: adolescents, cash transfers, social protection × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION 2021 Ujana Salama: Mpango wa nyongeza ya fedha (cash plus) unaohusu ustawi na mabadiliko salama kwa vijana - Matokeo ya mzunguko wa3 tathimini.
Innocenti Research Report Time to Teach: Teacher attendance and time on task in primary schools Zanzibar AUTHOR(S) Christine Han Yue; Despina Karamperidou; Silvia Peirolo Published: 2021 Innocenti Research Report Teacher absenteeism constitutes a significant barrier to achieving quality education in many low- and middle-income countries globally, where teachers’ school absence rates range from 3 per cent to 27 per cent. Over the past few decades, Zanzibar has implemented a number of policy reforms and made tremendous progress in expanding access to primary education. Yet, the quality of learning outcomes remains weak. One of the major factors hindering the provision of quality education is teacher absenteeism, which is a prevalent phenomenon across primary schools.Time to Teach (TTT) targets this knowledge gap. Its primary objective is to identify factors affecting the various forms of primary school teacher attendance and to use this evidence to inform the design and implementation of teacher-related policies. Specifically, the study looks at four distinct forms of teacher attendance: being in school; being punctual; being in the classroom; and spending sufficient time on task while in the classroom. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 86 | Thematic area: Education | Tags: child education, education, primary education, teacher training, teachers × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Christine Han Yue; Despina Karamperidou; Silvia Peirolo 2021 Time to Teach: Teacher attendance and time on task in primary schools Zanzibar. , pp. 86.
Innocenti Research Report Time to Teach: Teacher attendance and time on task in primary schools Tanzania AUTHOR(S) Christine Han Yue; Silvia Peirolo Published: 2021 Innocenti Research Report Teacher absenteeism constitutes a significant barrier to achieving quality education in many low- and middle-income countries globally, where teachers’ school absence rates range from 3 per cent to 27 per cent. Tanzania Mainland has made significant progress in achieving universal primary education and improving the quality of education. Since 2002, access to primary education has expanded exponentially. Yet, quality of learning outcomes remains a challenge. One of the key factors for the provision of quality education is teacher attendance. While many reasons for teachers’ absenteeism appear to be valid, such as lack of reliable transport and bad climate conditions, other causes are hard to justify, such as when teachers fail to prepare for lessons. Time to Teach (TTT) targets this knowledge gap. Its primary objective is to identify factors affecting the various forms of primary school teacher attendance and to use this evidence to inform the design and implementation of teacher-related policies. Specifically, the study looks at four distinct forms of teacher attendance: being in school; being punctual; being in the classroom; and spending sufficient time on task while in the classroom. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 82 | Thematic area: Education | Tags: child education, education, primary education, teacher training, teachers × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Christine Han Yue; Silvia Peirolo 2021 Time to Teach: Teacher attendance and time on task in primary schools Tanzania. , pp. 82.
Innocenti Research Briefs Impact of the United Republic of Tanzania’s Productive Social Safety Net on Child Labour and Education AUTHOR(S) Jacobus de Hoop; Margaret W. Gichane; Valeria Groppo; Stephanie Simmons Zuilkowski Published: 2020 Innocenti Research Briefs In the United Republic of Tanzania, nearly 30 per cent of children engage in child labour.1 About 30 per cent of children do not attend school and another 20 per cent combine school and work. Although state schools do not charge fees, households still face schooling costs, including for uniforms, shoes, books and school materials. With funding from the United States Department of Labor, researchers at the UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti examined whether the PSSN leads to improved schooling and reduced engagement in child labour.2 To do so, the research team combined a quantitative impact evaluation with a qualitative study involving children and caregivers. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 5 | Thematic area: Child Work and Labour | Tags: child labour, school fees, social protection programmes × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Jacobus de Hoop; Margaret W. Gichane; Valeria Groppo; Stephanie Simmons Zuilkowski 2020 Impact of the United Republic of Tanzania’s Productive Social Safety Net on Child Labour and Education. , pp. 5.
Innocenti Research Briefs How Do Cash Transfers Affect Child Work and Schooling? Surprising evidence from Malawi, the United Republic of Tanzania and Zambia AUTHOR(S) Jacobus de Hoop; Valeria Groppo Published: 2020 Innocenti Research Briefs Cash transfers supplement household income, but can they also reduce child labour? With generous funding from the United States Department of Labor, researchers at the UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti evaluated the impact of three large-scale, government cash transfer programmes to answer this question. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 7 | Thematic area: Social Protection, Well-being and Equity | Tags: child labour, schooling, social protection × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Jacobus de Hoop; Valeria Groppo 2020 How Do Cash Transfers Affect Child Work and Schooling? Surprising evidence from Malawi, the United Republic of Tanzania and Zambia. , pp. 7.
Innocenti Working Papers Cash Transfers, Public Works and Child Activities: Mixed Methods Evidence from the United Republic of Tanzania AUTHOR(S) Jacobus de Hoop; Margaret W. Gichane; Valeria Groppo; Stephanie Simmons Zuilkowski Published: 2020 Innocenti Working Papers This paper examines the impact of the United Republic of Tanzania’s Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN) on child work and education. Targeting extremely poor households, the programme provides cash transfers that are partly conditional on the use of health and education services, along with a public works component. We relied on a cluster-randomized evaluation design, assigning villages to one of three study arms: cash transfers only; cash transfers combined with public works (i.e., the joint programme); and control. We complemented the quantitative analysis with findings from in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with children and caregivers, involving a subsample of participants from all three study arms. Due to household investment of PSSN benefits in livestock, the programme caused a shift from work for pay outside the household to work within the household,mostly in livestock herding. The programme improved child education outcomes. These findings were echoed in the qualitative data – participants referred to working on family farms as being both safer for children and more beneficial for the family. Participants further discussed the importance of PSSN funds in paying for schooling costs. Impacts were generally no different for communities that received cash only and communities that received both cash and public works components. School dropout, however, decreased in villages where the joint programme was implemented but remained unchanged in villages receiving cash only. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 48 | Thematic area: Child Work and Labour | Tags: cash transfers, child education, child labour × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Jacobus de Hoop; Margaret W. Gichane; Valeria Groppo; Stephanie Simmons Zuilkowski 2020 Cash Transfers, Public Works and Child Activities: Mixed Methods Evidence from the United Republic of Tanzania. , pp. 48.
Innocenti Research Report A Cash Plus Model for Safe Transitions to a Healthy and Productive Adulthood: Midline Report Published: 2020 Innocenti Research Report This report provides midline findings from the impact evaluation of a cash plus model targeting youth in households receiving the United Republic of Tanzania’s Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN). Implemented by the Tanzania Social Action Fund (TASAF), with technical assistance of the Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TACAIDS) and UNICEF Tanzania, the programme aims to improve livelihood opportunities and facilitate a safe transition to adulthood. The 'plus' component included training on livelihoods and sexual and reproductive health (SRH)-HIV, mentoring and productive grants, as well as linkages to youth-friendly health services. The impact evaluation is a longitudinal, mixed methods study. The midline analysis was conducted immediately after training (before mentoring, disbursement of productive grants and health facility strengthening). The baseline report is available here. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 160 | Thematic area: Social Policies | Tags: social protection, social safety nets, youth × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION 2020 A Cash Plus Model for Safe Transitions to a Healthy and Productive Adulthood: Midline Report. , pp. 160.
Innocenti Research Report Tanzania Youth Study of the Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN) Evaluation: Endline Report Published: 2018 Innocenti Research Report This report provides endline findings from an 18-month (2015-2017), mixed methods study to provide evidence on the effects that the Government of Tanzania’s Productive Social Safety Net has had on youth well-being and the transition to adulthood. The study was led by UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti in collaboration with REPOA. Results of this evaluation can help assess what other measures or interventions are necessary to improve adolescent and youth well-being and how these can complement and provide synergies with the government’s institutionalized social protection strategy. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 136 | Thematic area: Social Policies | Tags: social protection, social safety nets, youth × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION 2018 Tanzania Youth Study of the Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN) Evaluation: Endline Report. , pp. 136.
Innocenti Research Report A Cash Plus Model for Safe Transitions to a Healthy and Productive Adulthood: Baseline Report Published: 2018 Innocenti Research Report This report presents the evaluation design and baseline findings from a 24-month, mixed methods study to provide evidence on the potential for an additional plus component targeted to youth that is layered on top of the Government of Tanzania’s Productive Social Safety Net to improve future economic opportunities for youth and facilitate their safe transitions to adulthood. This pilot study is based on the recognition that cash alone is rarely sufficient to mitigate all risks and vulnerabilities youth face or to overcome structural barriers to education, delayed marriage and pregnancy, and other safe transitions. The model the intervention follows was informed by a workshop held in Tanzania in February 2016 with government, researchers and development partners. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 98 | Thematic area: Social Policies | Tags: cash transfers, social protection, social safety nets, youth × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION 2018 A Cash Plus Model for Safe Transitions to a Healthy and Productive Adulthood: Baseline Report. , pp. 98.
Innocenti Discussion Papers Parenting, Family Care and Adolescence in East and Southern Africa: An evidence-focused literature review AUTHOR(S) Rachel Bray; Andrew Dawes Published: 2016 Innocenti Discussion Papers Based on an evidence-focused literature review, this paper examines existing knowledge on raising adolescents in east and southern African countries, including Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. Country selection was based on the availability of relevant literature and data. The vast majority of studies on parenting and adolescent development is based on research from the global north. This research sought to deepen understandings of family life, care practices and support networks in the east and southern African region so as to inform policy and interventions that seek to improve adolescent-family relations and reduce risk behaviours. An evidence-informed model for understanding the ecology of adolescent-parent relationships in the cultural and economic contexts of the region is provided. In addition, a framework for exploring contextually-relevant dimensions of parenting through research and practice is offered. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 84 | Thematic area: Adolescents, Social Policies | Tags: adolescent health, adolescents, family environment, gender issues, HIV and AIDS, parent-child relationship, risk × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Rachel Bray; Andrew Dawes 2016 Parenting, Family Care and Adolescence in East and Southern Africa: An evidence-focused literature review. , pp. 84.
Innocenti Occasional Papers, Economic Policy Series Improving Nutrition in Tanzania in the 1980s: The Iringa experience AUTHOR(S) Marcel Rudasingwa; Raphael Mlolwa Published: 1992 Innocenti Occasional Papers, Economic Policy Series + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 52 | Thematic area: National Development Programmes | Tags: iringa initiative, national policies, nutrition | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Marcel Rudasingwa; Raphael Mlolwa 1992 Improving Nutrition in Tanzania in the 1980s: The Iringa experience. , pp. 52.