Children, Agency and Violence: In and beyond the United Nations study on violence against children

Children, Agency and Violence: In and beyond the United Nations study on violence against children

AUTHOR(S)
Natasha Blanchet-Cohen

Published: 2009 Innocenti Working Papers
This paper examines the role of child agency as it relates to child protection. The focus arises from recognition that child protection approaches can be ineffective, and even counterproductive, when local context is not given sufficient attention (Bissell et al., 2007). The prevailing child protection models - child rescue, social services and medical models - commonly neglect local community assets, including the role of children themselves. Yet in many cases these assets may play a critical role, particularly when family and community are the primary line of defence to protect children from violence and exploitation. Rethinking child protection from a rights perspective requires building on empirical and theoretical understandings of child agency and child development, and the interactions between them.
Promoting Children's Participation in Democratic Decision-Making

Promoting Children's Participation in Democratic Decision-Making

AUTHOR(S)
Gerison Lansdown

Published: 2001 Innocenti Insights
In this Innocenti Insight, Gerison Lansdown examines the meaning of Article 12 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which says that children are entitled to participate in the decisions that affect them. Lansdown takes a close look at the full meaning of this Article as a tool that can help children themselves to challenge abuses of their rights and take action to defend those rights. She also stresses what the Article does not do. It does not, for example, give children the right to ride roughshod over the rights of others, particularly parents. The Insight makes a strong case for listening to children, outlining the implications of failing to do so and challenging many of the arguments that have been levelled against child participation. It is, above all, a practical guide to this issue, with clear checklists for child participation in conferences and many concrete examples of recent initiatives.
Independent Institutions Protecting Children's Rights

Independent Institutions Protecting Children's Rights

AUTHOR(S)
Gerison Lansdown

Published: 2001 Innocenti Digest
This Digest focuses on independent human rights institutions for children, and the urgent need to create such institutions in every country in the world to protect, promote, and monitor children's rights. Children are among the most vulnerable group in any society, with no vote, no access to the powerful lobbies that influence government agendas, and little access to the legal system and courts to protect their rights. Their needs in terms of education, health, child care, and housing are critical, and the costs of failing children are high for any society. This Digest evaluates the effectiveness and impact of existing institutions, examines the essential characteristics required if such institutions are to fulfil their functions, and challenges the objections frequently presented. Information on existing independent, statutory bodies - their constitutional base, mandate and activities - is also included.
Promouvoir la participation des enfants au processus decisionnel democratique

Promouvoir la participation des enfants au processus decisionnel democratique

AUTHOR(S)
Gerison Lansdown

Published: 2001 Innocenti Insights
Dans cet Insight Innocenti, Gerison Lansdown examine l’article 12 de la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant, selon lequel les enfants ont le droit de participer aux décisions qui les concernent. Lansdown se livre à une étude approfondie de la signification de cet article en tant qu’instrument au service des enfants pour protester contre les violations de leurs droits et agir pour défendre ces droits. Elle met aussi l’accent sur ce que l’article n’énonce pas, par exemple le fait qu’il ne donne pas aux enfants le droit de fouler aux pieds les droits des autres - en particulier des parents. Elle recommande avec insistance d’écouter les enfants, indique les conséquences d’un manquement en ce sens et récuse un grand nombre des arguments qui ont été émis contre la participation des enfants. L’Insight se veut, avant tout, un guide pratique sur la question, fournissant des listes récapitulatives claires pour la participation des enfants aux conférences, et de nombreux exemples concrets d’initiatives récentes.
Promuovere la partecipazione dei ragazzi per costruire la democrazia

Promuovere la partecipazione dei ragazzi per costruire la democrazia

AUTHOR(S)
Gerison Lansdown

Published: 2001 Innocenti Insights
In questa Indagine Innocenti, Gerison Lansdown prende in esame il significato dell'articolo 12 della Convenzione sui diritti dell'infanzia, nel quale si afferma che i bambini hanno il diritto di partecipare alle decisioni che li riguardano direttamente. Lansdown analizza attentamente il senso profondo di quest'articolo come strumento per aiutare i bambini e gli adolescenti a far fronte alle violazioni dei propri diritti e ad agire in loro tutela.
I giovani nelle società in trasformazione - Sintesi

I giovani nelle società in trasformazione - Sintesi

Published: 2000 Regional Monitoring Report
'I giovani nelle società in trasformazione' analizza le esperienze della 'generazione della transizione', i 68 milioni di giovani tra i 15 e i 24 anni di età dell'Europa centrale e orientale e della CSI. Essendo la prima generazione a terminare gli studi, cercare lavoro e fondare una famiglia in un clima sociale ed economico nuovo, essi mettono alla prova le riforme dello scorso decennio. Di questa generazione il Rapporto esamina le condizioni di salute, l'ingresso nel mercato del lavoro, i possibili conflitti con la legge ed il ruolo di giovani cittadini, e mostra come il progresso della condizione dei giovani e l'avanzamento della transizione siano processi che si rafforzano a vicenda. I giovani colgono le nuove opportunità con iniziativa, creativa e flessibilità. Ma le nuove libertà portano anche nuovi rischi, inclusi problemi sconosciuti alle generazioni precedenti: disoccupazione, droga, aumento delle disparità e dell'esclusione.
Cite this publication | No. of pages: 28 | Thematic area: Countries in Transition | Tags: adolescents, children's participation, economic transition, education, health, juvenile justice | Publisher: Innocenti Research Centre
La participación de niños y adolescentes en el contesto de la Convención Sobre los Derechos del Niño: visiones y perspectivas. Actas del Seminario, Bogotà 7-8 de deciembre 1998

La participación de niños y adolescentes en el contesto de la Convención Sobre los Derechos del Niño: visiones y perspectivas. Actas del Seminario, Bogotà 7-8 de deciembre 1998

Published: 1999 Innocenti Publications
La participación infantil constituye un elemento de gran relevancia en la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño y su consideración es de primordial importancia para asegurar la implementación de todas las disposiciones del tratado. La participación infantil sirve además como enfoque de base para el desarrollo de estrategias y programas en beneficio de los niños. Al mismo tiempo, constituye tal vez el más innovador de los principios básicos de la Convención y seguramente el que ha suscitado más controversias. Existe actualmente una tendencia generalizada de las "organizaciones para el desarrollo", sin excluir la misma UNICEF, a hacer demasiado hincapié en los "programas" formales que promueven la participación, incluidos los eventos organizados a nivel nacional y destinados a llamar la atención de la opinión pública. Lamentablemente, estos eventos son casi siempre diseñados, en buena parte, fuera del mundo real de los "beneficiarios" para quienes se llevan a cabo, es decir los niños mismos. Una estrategia que consista esencialmente en multiplicar las experiencias reales de la participación "de todos los días" de los niños tiene buenas probabilidades de traer consigo un modo diferente de enfocar la promoción de los derechos del niño en cuanto se refiere a los padres, maestros y otros adultos clave en la vida cotidiana de los niños.
La participación de los niños: de la participación simbolica a la participación autentica

La participación de los niños: de la participación simbolica a la participación autentica

AUTHOR(S)
Roger A. Hart

Published: 1993 Innocenti Essay
Una nación es democratica en la medida en que sus ciudadanos participan, especialmente a nivel comunitario. La confianza y la competencia para participare deben adquirirse gradualmente con la práctica. Por esta razón debe haber oportunidades crecientes para que los niños participen en cualquier sistema que aspire a ser democrático y particularmente en aquellas naciones que ya creen ser democraticas. Con el creciente reconocimiento de los derechos de los niños estamos comenzando a ver también un mayor reconocimiento de las habilidades de los niños.
Children's Participation: From tokenism to citizenship

Children's Participation: From tokenism to citizenship

AUTHOR(S)
Roger A. Hart

Published: 1992 Innocenti Essay
A nation is democratic to the extent that its citizens are involved, particularly at the community level. The confidence and competence to be involved must be gradually acquired through practice. It is for this reason that there should be gradually increasing opportunities for children to participate in any aspiring democracy, and particularly in those nations already convinced that they are democratic. With the growth of children’s rights we are beginning to see an increasing recognition of children’s abilities to speak for themselves. Regrettably, while children’s and youths’ participation does occur in different degrees around the world, it is often exploitative or frivolous. This Essay is written for people who know that young people have something to say but who would like to reflect further on the process. It is also written for those people who have it in their power to assist children in having a voice, but who, unwittingly or not, trivialize their involvement.
Cite this publication | No. of pages: 44 | Thematic area: Children's Participation | Tags: children's participation, children's rights, right to be heard | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence
Participatory Development: Global Seminar Report, 1990

Participatory Development: Global Seminar Report, 1990

AUTHOR(S)
Karen Houston Smith; Bilge Ogun

Published: 1991 Innocenti Global Seminar
This Report is organized in three main sections: 1) Introduction: Basic concepts and practices of participation.Characteristics and elements of participatory development. 2) Transformation strategies: what can be done to support the practice on a wider scale? 3) Programming, management, and policy issues: recommendations for UNICEF and its partners.
Cite this publication | No. of pages: 60 | Thematic area: Children's Participation | Tags: children's participation, participatory development, right to be heard | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence
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