Regional Monitoring Report Crisis in Mortality, Health and Nutrition (Russian version) Published: 1994 Regional Monitoring Report After the collapse of the communist system in 1989, most Eastern European countries experienced a mortality and health crisis. However, this did not hit the traditionally most vulnerable groups - children, adolescents, women and the elderly - but male adults in the 20-59 age group. The Report indicates that the surge is largely dependent on three transition-related factors: widespread impoverishment, erosion of preventive health services, sanitary and medical services and social stress. Although infants, children and young adolescents have not been greatly or directly affected by the mortality crisis, the Report points out that their situation has been severely threatened by more frequent sickness and greater nutritional imbalances, while the upturn in adult deaths is leading to a considerably heightened risk of poverty, abandonment or orphanhood. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 120 | Thematic area: Countries in Transition | Tags: child health, child mortality, child nutrition, economic transition, social services, vulnerable groups | Publisher: ICDC × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION 1994 Crisis in Mortality, Health and Nutrition (Russian version). , pp. 120.
Innocenti Essay The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Three essays on the challenge of implementation AUTHOR(S) James R. Himes Published: 1993 Innocenti Essay The Convention on the Rights of the Child has been variously hailed as ‘the cornerstone of a new moral ethos’ and a ‘milestone in the history of mankind’. But laws and treaties are as nothing without adequate practical follow-up. The real results will depend not upon the high-mindedness of the ideals themselves, but upon the action taken to achieve them. The ‘challenge of implementation’, is the subject of the three papers collected here. The CRC must not be dismissed as ‘another Utopia’ and it is argued that, with the right policy decisions, the convention’s initial momentum can be sustained. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 38 | Thematic area: Convention on the Rights of the Child | Tags: convention on the rights of the child, implementation of the crc | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION James R. Himes 1993 The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: Three essays on the challenge of implementation. , pp. 38.
Innocenti Occasional Papers, Child Rights Series Education and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: The challenge of implementation AUTHOR(S) Frank Dall Published: 1993 Innocenti Occasional Papers, Child Rights Series + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 40 | Thematic area: Convention on the Rights of the Child, Rights of the Child | Tags: convention on the rights of the child, education, implementation of the crc, right to education | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Frank Dall 1993 Education and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: The challenge of implementation. , pp. 40.
Innocenti Global Seminar Street and Working Children: Global Seminar Report, 1993 AUTHOR(S) Maggie Black Published: 1993 Innocenti Global Seminar + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 56 | Thematic area: Child Work and Labour | Tags: child workers, children's rights, street children | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Maggie Black 1993 Street and Working Children: Global Seminar Report, 1993. , pp. 56.
Innocenti Occasional Papers, Child Rights Series Home-Based Community Day Care and Children's Rights: The Colombian case AUTHOR(S) Carlos Castillo Cardona; Nelson Ortiz Pinilla; Alejandra Gonzales Rossetti Published: 1993 Innocenti Occasional Papers, Child Rights Series Over recent years demographic trends in Columbia (such as the increased participation of women in the workforce) have led to an increased demand for a viable day care system for 3-6 year olds. This has largely been met by an innovative programme set up by the Colombian Family Welfare Institute. The idea at the basis of their initiative is simple yet effective: mothers are given the training and support to enable them to offer day care within their homes to the children of other families from their own communities. This paper describes in detail the design and implementation of this programme. It is hoped international organisations and other countries will draw inspiration from this Colombian success story. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 50 | Thematic area: Rights of the Child | Tags: child care, children's rights, day care centres, right to appropriate standards of care, working mothers | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Carlos Castillo Cardona; Nelson Ortiz Pinilla; Alejandra Gonzales Rossetti 1993 Home-Based Community Day Care and Children's Rights: The Colombian case. , pp. 50.
Innocenti Occasional Papers, Economic Policy Series Education and the Market: Which parts of the neo-liberal solution are correct? AUTHOR(S) Christopher Colclough Published: 1993 Innocenti Occasional Papers, Economic Policy Series + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 46 | Thematic area: Economic Development | Tags: economic development, education, liberalism, market economy | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Christopher Colclough 1993 Education and the Market: Which parts of the neo-liberal solution are correct?. , pp. 46.
Historical Perspectives The Decline of Infant Mortality in Europe, 1800-1950: Four national case studies AUTHOR(S) Pier Paolo Viazzo; Carlo A. Corsini Published: 1993 Historical Perspectives The basic facts about the secular decline of infant mortality in Europe have been known for nearly a century. Regristration series show that the levels of infant mortality in the late nineteenth century were still extremely high and could vary quite markedly from one country to another, ranging from about 100 per 1,000 live births in Norway and Sweden to 200 or even 250 per 1,000 in countries such as Germany, Austria and Russia. At the turn of the century, however, infant mortality began to fall almost right across the continent. By the 1950s, when national rates of infant mortality ranged between 20 and 50 per 1,000, the process of convergence was nearly completed. The fall in infant mortality, which was paralelled by a simultaneous and equally pronounced decline in fertility, was responsible for raising life expectancy in many European countries by more than 10 years over a remarkably short period of time. The countries reviewed in this publication are Sweden, England, France and Austria. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 86 | Thematic area: Early Childhood | Tags: child development, health policy, historical analysis, infant mortality, social policy | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Pier Paolo Viazzo; Carlo A. Corsini 1993 The Decline of Infant Mortality in Europe, 1800-1950: Four national case studies. , pp. 86.
Regional Monitoring Report Public Policy and Social Conditions Published: 1993 Regional Monitoring Report In the early 1990s considerable attention was given to the issues of stabilization, privatization, taxation and labour market adjustment in the Eastern Europe transition, but demographic and welfare issues received less attention. While the economic and social reforms undertaken were desirable they faced severe problems of implementation and involved economic, social and political costs far greater than anticipated. This first Report highlights the fact that initial hopes for rapid transformation and economic prosperity were quickly tempered by a considerable decline in output, employment and incomes, a worsening of some social indicators, and the appearance of new welfare problems. The Report warns against neglecting the social costs of transition which affect children and adults, but also threaten the entire reform process. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 90 | Thematic area: Countries in Transition | Tags: child welfare, economic transition, family welfare, social development, social indicators, social policy, social welfare | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION 1993 Public Policy and Social Conditions. , pp. 90.
Innocenti Occasional Papers, Urban Child Series Urban Stress and its Effects on Children's Lifestyles and Health in Industrialized Countries AUTHOR(S) Solvig Ekblad Published: 1993 Innocenti Occasional Papers, Urban Child Series + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 70 | Thematic area: Urban Child | Tags: child welfare, industrialized countries, urban children | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Solvig Ekblad 1993 Urban Stress and its Effects on Children's Lifestyles and Health in Industrialized Countries. , pp. 70.
Innocenti Insights Children of Minorities: Gypsies AUTHOR(S) Sandro Costarelli Published: 1993 Innocenti Insights + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 76 | Thematic area: Minorities | Tags: children's rights, minority children, minority groups, rights of minority children, roma, roma children | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Sandro Costarelli 1993 Children of Minorities: Gypsies. , pp. 76.
Innocenti Occasional Papers, Child Rights Series Nutrition and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child AUTHOR(S) Urban Jonsson Published: 1993 Innocenti Occasional Papers, Child Rights Series Nutrition is mentioned specifically only three times in the Convention on the Rights of the Child. However, through its emphasis upon food, health, and care, the Convention makes it clear that good nutrition should be regarded as a fundamental human right. This study reviews the progress that governments have made in implementing this aspect of the Convention, providing ‘status reports’ on the inclusion of nutrition goals in individual ‘National Programmes of Action’. The paper includes a background overview of the development of human nutrition as a science, together with a survey of current trends in thinking on the subject. + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 44 | Thematic area: Rights of the Child | Tags: child nutrition, children's rights, implementation of the crc, nutrition, right to food | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Urban Jonsson 1993 Nutrition and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. , pp. 44.
Innocenti Occasional Papers, Economic Policy Series Policy and Capital Market Constraints to the African Green Revolution: A study of maize and sorghum yields in Kenya, Malawi and Zimbabwe AUTHOR(S) Paul Mosley Published: 1993 Innocenti Occasional Papers, Economic Policy Series + - Cite this publication | No. of pages: 46 | Thematic area: Economic Development | Tags: agricultural development | Publisher: UNICEF ICDC, Florence × COPY BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION Paul Mosley 1993 Policy and Capital Market Constraints to the African Green Revolution: A study of maize and sorghum yields in Kenya, Malawi and Zimbabwe. , pp. 46.
