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GLOSSARY

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Habeas corpus

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Handicapped children

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See:
Disabled children   

Harmful work

     IRC site

CRC Article = 32
Note:
Article 32 of the CRC accords to the child the right to be protected from any work that is likely to interfere with the child's education, or to be harmful to the child's health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development. The term "work" is broader than employment, the latter implying some form of contractual or formal status.

See also:
Child labour   Conditions of employment   Economic exploitation   Enforcement of child labour standards   Hazardous work   Hours of employment   Minimum age(s) for admission to employment   

Hazardous work

     IRC site

CRC Article = 32
Note:
Article 32 of the CRC accords to the child the right to be protected from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous. Article 3 of ILO Convention No. 138 concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment (1973) defines "hazardous employment or work" as work which is likely to jeopardise the health, safety or morals of a child, and sets the minimum age for such employment at the age of 18 years. The duty is placed on States Parties to determine, after consultation with organisations of employers and workers and taking into account any relevant treaties to which they are Parties, which types of work fall within this definition. Relevant international instruments in this regard include: White Lead (Painting Convention) (1921); Benzene Convention (1971); and Occupational Safety and Health (Dock Work) Convention (1979). Consider also paragraph 10 of ILO Recommendation No. 146 concerning the Minimum Age for Admission to Employment (1973).

See also:
Child labour   Conditions of employment   Economic exploitation   Enforcement of child labour standards   Harmful work   Hours of employment   Minimum age(s) for admission to employment   

Health

     IRC site

Health and health services

     IRC site

CRC Article = 24
Note:
Article 24 of the CRC accords to the child the right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health and to health care services for the treatment of illness and rehabilitation of health, and emphasizes the right of the child to have access to such health care services. The Constitution of the World Health Organisation (WHO) defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. Health is therefore not regarded as merely the absence of disease or infirmity. This definition was reaffirmed and expanded in the Declaration of Alma-Alta, which was adopted in 1978 at the International Conference on Primary Health Care by UNICEF and the WHO. According to this Declaration, good health should enable individuals to develop to the maximum of their physical and mental potential, and to live economically and socially productive lives in harmony with the environment, and therefore requires the action of many other social and economic sectors in addition to the health sector.

See also:
Accident prevention   Breast-feeding   Child health and nutrition   Child mortality   Disease   Environmental sanitation   Family planning   Guidance for parents   Health and international co-operation   Health care   Health education   Hygiene   Infant mortality   Malnutrition   Medical assistance   Periodic review of placement   Post-natal health care   Pre-natal health care   Preventive health care   Primary health care   Survival and development   Traditional practices   

Health and international co-operation

     IRC site

CRC Article = 24(4)
Note:
Article 24(4) of the CRC obligates States Parties to promote international co-operation with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of the right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health and to health services. In this regard, States Parties are required to take particular account of the needs of developing countries.

See also:
Developing countries   Health and health services   International co-operation   

Health care

     IRC site

CRC Article = 24(2)(b)
Note:
For the implementation of the right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health and to health services, States Parties are required to take appropriate measures to ensure the provision of necessary medical assistance and health care to all children with emphasis on the development of primary health care.

See also:
Health and health services   Preventive health care   Primary health care   

Health education

     IRC site

CRC Article = 24(2)(e)
Note:
For the implementation of the right of the child to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health and to health services, States parties are required to take appropriate measures to ensure that all segments of society, in particular parents and children, are informed, have access to education and are supported in the use of basic knowledge of child health and nutrition, the advantages of breast-feeding, hygiene and environmental sanitation and the prevention of accidents.

See also:
Accident prevention   Breast-feeding   Child health and nutrition   Environmental sanitation   Health and health services   Hygiene   

Health services

     IRC site
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